Romero-Alvarez Daniel, Escobar Luis E
Hospital General Enrique Garcés, Unidad de Epidemiología, Quito, Ecuador.
University of Minnesota, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2017 Apr;112(4):292-298. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760160415.
Oropouche virus causes Oropouche fever, an arboviral disease transmitted mainly by midges of the genus Culicoides and Culex mosquitoes. Clinical presentation of Oropouche fever in humans includes fever, headache, rash, myalgia, and in rare cases spontaneous bleeding and aseptic meningitis. Landscape change has been proposed as a driver of Oropouche fever emergence.
To investigate the landscape epidemiology of the Oropouche fever outbreak that began in April 2016 in Cusco, Peru.
We used information of vegetation and multivariate spatial analyses including ecological niche modeling. Vegetation was characterised using16-day composite enhanced vegetation index (EVI) images at 500 m spatial resolution from the MODIS sensor carried by the Terra satellite.
Cases were distributed across seven Peruvian districts in two provinces. La Concepcion was the province with most of the affected districts. EVI time series across 2000 to 2016 suggested a decline in the vegetation in sites with Oropouche fever cases before the epidemic. Our ecological niche modeling suggests that other areas in Junin, Apurimac, and Madre de Dios departments are at risk of Oropouche fever occurrence.
Our results may provide a guide for future fieldwork to test hypotheses regarding Oropouche fever emergence and habitat loss in tropical Latin America.
奥罗普切病毒可引发奥罗普切热，这是一种虫媒病毒病，主要通过库蠓属蠓虫和库蚊传播。人类感染奥罗普切热的临床表现包括发热、头痛、皮疹、肌痛，罕见情况下会出现自发性出血和无菌性脑膜炎。景观变化被认为是奥罗普切热出现的一个驱动因素。
调查2016年4月在秘鲁库斯科开始的奥罗普切热疫情的景观流行病学情况。
我们使用了植被信息和多变量空间分析，包括生态位建模。利用由Terra卫星搭载的MODIS传感器获取的空间分辨率为500米的16天合成增强植被指数（EVI）图像对植被进行特征描述。
病例分布在秘鲁两个省的七个地区。康塞普西翁省是受影响地区最多的省份。2000年至2016年期间的EVI时间序列表明，疫情发生前，出现奥罗普切热病例地区的植被有所减少。我们的生态位建模表明，胡宁、阿普里马克和马德雷德迪奥斯省的其他地区存在发生奥罗普切热的风险。
我们的研究结果可为今后的实地调查提供指导，以检验关于拉丁美洲热带地区奥罗普切热出现和栖息地丧失的假设。
