Warren Christopher M, Riggs Nathaniel R, Pentz Mary Ann
University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, USA.
Colorado State University, College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Human Development & Family Studies, USA.
J Adolesc. 2017 Jun;57:31-41. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.03.003. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Research in older adolescents suggests insufficient sleep may increase substance use initiation risk. This study tested whether sleep duration and dysregulation of sleep-wake patterns in late-elementary school youth were prospectively associated with cigarette and alcohol use initiation and how sleep-related changes in inhibitory control mediate these relationships. Average sleep duration at 4th grade predicted 6th grade cigarette but not alcohol use, however indirect effects were identified through 5th grade inhibitory control to both cigarette and alcohol use. Indirect effects were also identified through inhibitory control for relationships between 4th grade weekend bed-time delay and 6th grade cigarette or alcohol use, and for relationships between 4th grade weekend wake-time delay and 6th grade cigarette or alcohol use. Reductions in nightly sleep increased risk of cigarette use. Findings suggest a pathway linking both reduced sleep duration and greater weekend shifting of sleep patterns to future substance use through sleep-related inhibitory control deficits.
针对大龄青少年的研究表明,睡眠不足可能会增加开始使用毒品的风险。本研究检验了小学高年级学生的睡眠时间和睡眠-觉醒模式失调是否与开始吸烟和饮酒存在前瞻性关联,以及抑制控制方面与睡眠相关的变化如何介导这些关系。四年级时的平均睡眠时间可预测六年级时是否吸烟,但无法预测是否饮酒,不过通过五年级时的抑制控制可确定其对吸烟和饮酒均有间接影响。通过抑制控制还可确定四年级周末就寝时间延迟与六年级吸烟或饮酒之间的关系,以及四年级周末起床时间延迟与六年级吸烟或饮酒之间的关系。夜间睡眠时间减少会增加吸烟风险。研究结果表明,存在一条路径,通过与睡眠相关的抑制控制缺陷,将睡眠时间缩短和周末睡眠模式的更大变化与未来的毒品使用联系起来。