Glatz Terese, Cotter Allison, Buchanan Christy M
Center for Developmental Research at JPS, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 701 82 SE Sweden.
Department of Psychology, Auburn University, 226 Thach Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
J Child Fam Stud. 2017;26(4):989-997. doi: 10.1007/s10826-016-0623-2. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
Based on theory that parents with higher levels of self-efficacy (PSE) should find it easier to parent effectively in the face of challenging child behaviors than should parents with lower levels of PSE, this study examines the link between PSE and parenting using children's behaviors as potential moderators. Participants were 130 parents who had an older adolescent ( = 17.58) in addition to the target adolescent ( = 11.79), and both adolescents' externalizing behaviors were used as moderators for the link between PSE and parenting of the target adolescent. Path analysis in Mplus showed that higher PSE was linked to more promotive parenting but only among parents who had an older adolescent with lower levels of externalizing behaviors. Among parents of adolescents with higher levels of externalizing behaviors, whose promotive parenting was significantly lower than other parents overall, PSE did not predict promotive parenting. The link between PSE and parenting did not differ depending on the target adolescents' behavior. Findings suggest that the link between parents' beliefs and parenting depends on the broader family context. More specifically, how PSE is linked to parenting practices depends at least partly on the experiences that parents bring from parenting an older adolescent to their interactions with a later-born adolescent. From a clinical perspective, parents might need guidance in how to think about their earlier parenting experiences when parenting a younger adolescent.
基于这样的理论，即自我效能感水平较高的父母（PSE）在面对具有挑战性的孩子行为时，应该比自我效能感水平较低的父母更容易有效地养育孩子，本研究以孩子的行为作为潜在调节变量，考察了PSE与养育方式之间的联系。参与者为130名父母，他们除了有目标青少年（平均年龄=11.79岁）外，还有一个年龄较大的青少年（平均年龄=17.58岁），两个青少年的外化行为都被用作PSE与目标青少年养育方式之间联系的调节变量。Mplus中的路径分析表明，较高的PSE与更具促进性的养育方式相关，但仅在那些年龄较大的青少年外化行为水平较低的父母中如此。在那些外化行为水平较高的青少年的父母中，他们的促进性养育方式总体上显著低于其他父母，PSE并不能预测促进性养育方式。PSE与养育方式之间的联系并不因目标青少年的行为而有所不同。研究结果表明，父母的信念与养育方式之间的联系取决于更广泛的家庭背景。更具体地说，PSE与养育行为之间的联系至少部分取决于父母从养育年龄较大的青少年到与年龄较小的青少年互动中所带来的经验。从临床角度来看，父母在养育年龄较小的青少年时，可能需要关于如何思考他们早期养育经验的指导。
