Borresen Erica C, Jenkins-Puccetti NaNet, Schmitz Katie, Brown Dustin G, Pollack Austin, Fairbanks Amanda, Wdowik Melissa, Rao Sangeeta, Nelson Tracy L, Luckasen Gary, Ryan Elizabeth P
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
University of Colorado Health Research-Northern Region, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland, CO, USA.
Glob Pediatr Health. 2017 Feb 16;4:2333794X17694231. doi: 10.1177/2333794X17694231. eCollection 2017.
Navy beans and rice bran demonstrate efficacy to regulate serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic adults; however, the cardiovascular disease (CVD) protective properties of these foods in children are unknown and merit investigation. The objectives were to determine whether cooked navy bean powder (NBP) and/or heat-stabilized rice bran (RB) supplementation is tolerable, improves dietary fiber intake in children, and modulates lipid profiles. Children aged 8 to 13 years at risk for CVD due to abnormal lipids were recruited. Elevated cholesterol levels were defined as total cholesterol ≥180 mg/dL and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) <60 mg/dL; low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥100 mg/dL and HDL <60 mg/dL; or non-HDL >100 mg/dL and HDL <60 mg/dL. Participants completed a pilot 4-week, randomized controlled, 4-arm dietary intervention. They consumed study-provided muffins or a smoothie daily that included 0 g NBP or RB (control), 17.5 g NBP, 15 g RB, or a combination 9 g NBP + 8 g RB. Fasting blood was collected at baseline and week 4. Participants also completed 3-day food logs and gastrointestinal health questionnaires.
Thirty-eight children completed the trial (n = 9 control, n = 10 NBP, n = 9 RB, and n = 10 NBP + RB groups). Only 3 participants withdrew due to noncompliance of required food consumption. Participants in the intervention groups significantly increased intake of NBP and RB at week 4 (p≤.01). The NBP and NBP + RB groups increased total fiber intake from baseline to week 4 (p=.02 and p=<.01, respectively). HDL-cholesterol was higher in NBP-group participants compared to control at week 4 ( = .02). Increasing NBP and/or RB intake is tolerable for children, and our findings suggest higher daily intakes are needed for a longer duration to induce favorable changes across multiple serum lipid parameters.
菜豆和米糠已证明对调节高胆固醇血症成年人的血清胆固醇有效；然而，这些食物对儿童心血管疾病（CVD）的保护特性尚不清楚，值得研究。目的是确定补充熟菜豆粉（NBP）和/或热稳定米糠（RB）是否可耐受，是否能提高儿童膳食纤维摄入量并调节血脂水平。招募了因血脂异常而有患CVD风险的8至13岁儿童。胆固醇水平升高定义为总胆固醇≥180mg/dL且高密度脂蛋白（HDL）<60mg/dL；低密度脂蛋白（LDL）≥100mg/dL且HDL<60mg/dL；或非HDL>100mg/dL且HDL<60mg/dL。参与者完成了一项为期4周的试点随机对照四臂饮食干预。他们每天食用研究提供的松饼或奶昔，其中包括0g NBP或RB（对照组）、17.5g NBP、15g RB或组合9g NBP + 8g RB。在基线和第4周采集空腹血样。参与者还完成了3天的食物记录和胃肠道健康问卷。
38名儿童完成了试验（对照组n = 9，NBP组n = 10，RB组n = 9，NBP + RB组n = 10）。只有3名参与者因未遵守所需食物摄入量而退出。干预组参与者在第4周时NBP和RB的摄入量显著增加（p≤0.01）。NBP组和NBP + RB组从基线到第4周总纤维摄入量增加（分别为p = 0.02和p<0.01）。第4周时，NBP组参与者的HDL胆固醇高于对照组（p = 0.02）。增加NBP和/或RB的摄入量对儿童是可耐受的，我们的研究结果表明，需要更长时间的更高每日摄入量才能在多个血清脂质参数上诱导出有利变化。
