Joseph Susan M, Rich Michael W
Mechanical Circulatory Support Program, Baylor University Medical Center, 3410 Worth Street, Ste 545, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave Box 8086, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2017 Apr;19(4):31. doi: 10.1007/s11936-017-0527-5.
Frailty is a systemic syndrome characterized by impaired physiologic reserve, slowness, weakness, and wasting. It is associated with, but distinct from, aging, disability, and multimorbidity. Frailty is extremely common in patients with heart failure and portends a worse prognosis. The two syndromes worsen one another via complex molecular and cellular mechanisms which are not fully understood but include increased levels of stress hormones and cytokines. In this article, we discuss the mechanisms of frailty and review common frailty metrics. We review and summarize the literature on the impact of frailty in heart failure and discuss treatment and management options.
衰弱是一种全身性综合征，其特征为生理储备受损、行动迟缓、虚弱和消瘦。它与衰老、残疾和多种疾病并存相关，但又有所不同。衰弱在心力衰竭患者中极为常见，预示着更差的预后。这两种综合征通过尚未完全了解的复杂分子和细胞机制相互恶化，这些机制包括应激激素和细胞因子水平升高。在本文中，我们讨论衰弱的机制并回顾常见的衰弱指标。我们回顾并总结了关于衰弱对心力衰竭影响的文献，并讨论了治疗和管理方案。
