a Centre of Biological Engineering , University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, Braga , Portugal.
b International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory , Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, Braga Portugal.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Jul 24;58(11):1864-1877. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1289148. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
Nowadays, food and nutrition have a greater impact in people's concerns, with the awareness that nutrition have a direct impact in health and wellbeing. Probiotics have an important role in this topic and consumers are starting to really understand their potential in health, leading to an increasing interest of the companies to their commercial use in foods. However, there are several limitations to the use of probiotics in foods and beverages, being one of them their efficiency (directly associated to their survival rate) upon ingestion. This work is focused in microencapsulation techniques that have been used to increase probiotics efficiency. More specifically, this work reviews the most recent and relevant research about the production and coating techniques of probiotic-loaded microcapsules, providing an insight in the effect of these coatings in probiotics survival during the gastrointestinal phase. This review shows that coatings with the better performances in probiotics protection, against the harsh conditions of digestion, are chitosan, alginate, poly-L-lysine, and whey protein. Chitosan presented an interesting performance in probiotics protection being able to maintain the initial concentration of viable probiotics during a digestive test. The analyses of different works also showed that the utilization of several coatings does not guarantee a better protection in comparison with monocoated microcapsules.
如今，食品和营养在人们的关注中具有更大的影响力，人们意识到营养对健康和幸福有着直接的影响。益生菌在这个话题中扮演着重要的角色，消费者开始真正了解它们在健康方面的潜力，这导致了企业对其在食品中的商业应用的兴趣日益增加。然而，益生菌在食品和饮料中的应用存在一些局限性，其中之一是它们在摄入后的效率（直接与其存活率相关）。本工作重点研究了已用于提高益生菌效率的微胶囊化技术。更具体地说，本工作综述了关于载有益生菌的微胶囊的生产和包衣技术的最新和相关研究，深入了解了这些涂层在益生菌通过胃肠道阶段时的生存中的作用。本综述表明，在保护益生菌方面表现最好的涂层是壳聚糖、藻酸盐、聚赖氨酸和乳清蛋白，它们能够抵御消化过程中的恶劣条件。壳聚糖在保护益生菌方面表现出了有趣的性能，能够在消化试验中保持初始活菌浓度。对不同工作的分析还表明，与单涂层微胶囊相比，使用多种涂层并不能保证更好的保护效果。
