Levi F, La Vecchia C
Registre Vaudois des Tumeurs, Lausanne, Suisse.
Oncology. 1988;45(4):313-7. doi: 10.1159/000226630.
Cancer mortality among children in Switzerland was analysed using (1) age-specific and age-standardized (0-14) rates from 1951 to 1984 and (2) comparison of observed numbers of deaths over the period 1960-1984 with expected one obtained by application of age-specific rates for the period 1951-1959 to the population structure of subsequent 5-year calendar periods. Certified mortality fell about 60% for leukaemias, 21% for lymphomas, 66% for Wilms' tumours, 40% for bone sarcomas and 30% for other and unspecified sites. Thus, the overall decline in childhood cancer mortality in Switzerland was around 45%, slightly more marked in females (-48%) than in males (-42%), and more pronounced in younger children (over 50% before age 5). This corresponds to an absolute number of about 50 deaths from childhood cancer per year avoided in the early 1980s as compared with expected numbers computed on the basis of rates registered in the 1950s (30 deaths per year for leukaemias alone). The estimated total number of deaths avoided during the whole period 1960-1980 was 820 (430 leukaemias alone). Trends in childhood cancer mortality persisted steadily downwards in the early 1980s, suggesting that further progress is being achieved in the treatment of these neoplasms.
(1) 1951年至1984年的年龄别和年龄标准化（0 - 14岁）死亡率；(2) 将1960年至1984年期间观察到的死亡人数与通过将1951年至1959年期间的年龄别死亡率应用于随后5年日历期的人口结构而获得的预期死亡人数进行比较。白血病的认证死亡率下降了约60%，淋巴瘤下降了21%，肾母细胞瘤下降了66%，骨肉瘤下降了40%，其他及未明确部位下降了30%。因此，瑞士儿童癌症死亡率的总体下降约为45%，女性（-48%）比男性（-42%）略为明显，且在幼儿中更为显著（5岁前超过50%）。与根据20世纪50年代登记的死亡率计算出的预期数字相比，这相当于在20世纪80年代初每年约有50例儿童癌症死亡得以避免（仅白血病每年就有30例死亡）。1960年至1980年整个期间避免的死亡总数估计为820例（仅白血病就有430例）。20世纪80年代初，儿童癌症死亡率的趋势持续稳步下降，这表明在这些肿瘤的治疗方面正在取得进一步进展。
