Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80165, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80165, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands.
J Dairy Sci. 2017 Jun;100(6):4903-4913. doi: 10.3168/jds.2016-11924. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
Widespread veterinary use of antimicrobials might contribute to the increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance. Despite many successful efforts to reduce veterinary antimicrobial use in the Netherlands, antimicrobial use on a substantial number of farms has remained relatively high over the past few years. Farm-specific solutions are required to further lower antimicrobial use on these farms. Reducing the burden of animal diseases at the farm level by means of a structured approach to animal health planning could be promising. This intervention study aimed to evaluate the main effects of an animal health planning program developed by an advisory team consisting of a dairy farmer, his veterinarian, and his feed adviser under the guidance of a professional facilitator. During an initial farm visit, the advisory team developed a farm-specific animal health planning program with support from the facilitator. After 1 yr, the effects of this program on animal health, production parameters, and antimicrobial use were evaluated and compared with control farms that did not have a facilitated animal health planning program. Antimicrobial use on intervention farms was significantly reduced between the start and the end of the study period; however, no significant differences in the rate of reduction between the intervention and control groups could be observed (-19% and -14%, respectively). Reduced antimicrobial use did not result in negative effects on animal health and production parameters during the study period in both groups. On intervention farms, a significant positive relationship was found between the percentage of completed action points at farm level and the percentage reduction in antimicrobial use. The level of compliance with action points and the quality of collaboration between farmer and advisers were positively associated with the accomplishment of corresponding objectives. However, the total number of objectives was negatively associated with the level of compliance with action points and tended to be negatively associated with the percentage reduction in antimicrobial use at farm level. Gradually reducing antimicrobial use without adverse effects on animal health and productivity is possible by adjusting management practices in a team effort. Fostering good collaboration among farmer, veterinarian, and feed adviser and focusing on a limited number of objectives have positive effects on the outcomes of the animal health planning program and antimicrobial use.
广泛的兽医抗菌药物使用可能会导致抗菌药物耐药性负担不断增加。尽管荷兰在减少兽医抗菌药物使用方面做出了许多成功的努力，但在过去几年中，大量农场的抗菌药物使用仍然相对较高。需要针对具体农场的解决方案来进一步降低这些农场的抗菌药物使用。通过结构化的动物健康规划方法来降低农场层面的动物疾病负担可能是有希望的。这项干预研究旨在评估由一个由奶牛场主、他的兽医和他的饲料顾问组成的咨询团队在一名专业促进者的指导下制定的动物健康规划方案的主要效果。在最初的农场访问中，咨询团队在促进者的支持下制定了一个针对特定农场的动物健康规划方案。1 年后，评估了该方案对动物健康、生产参数和抗菌药物使用的影响，并将其与没有实施促进动物健康规划方案的对照农场进行了比较。干预农场的抗菌药物使用在研究期间明显减少；然而，干预组和对照组之间的减少率没有显著差异（分别为-19%和-14%）。在研究期间，减少抗菌药物使用并没有对两组的动物健康和生产参数产生负面影响。在干预农场，发现农场层面完成的行动计划的百分比与抗菌药物使用减少的百分比之间存在显著的正相关关系。农民和顾问之间的遵守行动计划的程度和合作质量与实现相应目标呈正相关。然而，目标总数与行动计划的遵守程度呈负相关，并且倾向于与农场层面的抗菌药物使用减少百分比呈负相关。通过团队合作调整管理实践，可以在不对动物健康和生产力产生不利影响的情况下逐渐减少抗菌药物的使用。促进农民、兽医和饲料顾问之间的良好合作，并关注有限数量的目标，对动物健康规划方案和抗菌药物使用的结果有积极影响。
