金属纳米团簇用于癌症成像和治疗。
Metallic Nanoclusters for Cancer Imaging and Therapy.
机构信息
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
出版信息
Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(12):1379-1396. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170331122757.
BACKGROUND
Nanoclusters are made of a few to tens of atoms with a size below 2 nm. Compared with nanoparticles, they exhibited excellent properties, such as tunable fluorescence, ease of conjugation, high quantum yield and biocompatibility, which are highly desired in the development of cancer nanotheranostics. Hence, the metallic nanoclusters have emerged as a newcomer in cancer nanomedicines. This review aims to summarize recently developed approaches to preparing metallic nanoclusters, highlight their applications in cancer theranostics, and provide a brief outlook for the future developments of nanoclusters in nanomedicine.
METHOD
We carried out a thorough literature search using online databases. The search was focused on a centered question. Irrelevant articles were excluded after further examination and directly relevant articles were included. The relevant articles were classified by the subjects and the information from these articles was synthesized.
RESULTS
One hundred and forty-three articles were included in this review. About eighty articles outlined the development in the synthetic methods of nanoclusters. The synthesis approaches include chemical reduction, photoreduction and so on. The progress in the application of gold and silver nanoclusters to cancer theranostics was described in fifteen and eight articles, respectively. The rest articles were about the advancements in the use of other metal nanoclusters and nanocluster nanocomposites as cancer theranostic agents.
CONCLUSION
This review summarizes the synthesis and use of metallic nanoclusters or their nanocomposites as cancer theranostic agents. It confirms their importance, advantages and potentials in serving as a new generation of cancer theranostics in clinics.
背景
纳米团簇由几个到几十个原子组成，尺寸小于 2nm。与纳米粒子相比，它们表现出优异的性质，如可调谐荧光、易于共轭、高量子产率和生物相容性，这在癌症纳米治疗学的发展中是非常需要的。因此，金属纳米团簇作为癌症纳米医学的新成员而出现。本综述旨在总结最近开发的制备金属纳米团簇的方法，强调它们在癌症治疗学中的应用，并对纳米团簇在纳米医学中的未来发展进行简要展望。
方法
我们使用在线数据库进行了全面的文献检索。搜索集中在一个中心问题上。经过进一步检查，排除了不相关的文章，直接相关的文章被包括在内。相关文章按主题分类，并综合了这些文章的信息。
结果
本综述共纳入 143 篇文章。约 80 篇文章概述了纳米团簇合成方法的发展。合成方法包括化学还原、光还原等。有 15 篇和 8 篇文章分别描述了金和银纳米团簇在癌症治疗学中的应用进展。其余的文章是关于其他金属纳米团簇和纳米团簇纳米复合材料作为癌症治疗剂的进展。
结论
本综述总结了金属纳米团簇或其纳米复合材料作为癌症治疗剂的合成和应用。它证实了它们作为新一代癌症治疗剂在临床应用中的重要性、优势和潜力。
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