University of Illinois,Urbana-Champaign.
Dev Psychopathol. 2017 Oct;29(4):1413-1429. doi: 10.1017/S0954579417000359. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
This study examined the independent and interactive contributions of maternal depression and youth stress responses to trajectories of youth depression in adolescence. Youths (n = 165, M age = 12.43, SD = 1.18) and their maternal caregivers participated in a 4-year longitudinal study. Mothers and youths were administered diagnostic interviews assessing depression, and youths provided reports of their responses to peer stress. Consistent with an interactive model, adaptive responses to stress (high effortful engagement and low involuntary disengagement) buffered the effect of maternal depression on initial levels and trajectories of youth depression, with gender differences emerging. Consistent with a dual-risk model, maternal depression and maladaptive responses to stress (high effortful disengagement and involuntary engagement) contributed additive risks such that youths displayed the highest levels of depression when they were exposed to maternal depression and showed maladaptive stress responses. This research provides novel evidence that responses to stress contribute to individual differences in depression among offspring of depressed mothers, and suggests that responses to stress are an important target for efforts to promote resilience in at-risk youth.
本研究考察了母亲抑郁和青少年应激反应对青少年抑郁轨迹的独立和交互作用。研究纳入了 165 名青少年（平均年龄=12.43 岁，标准差=1.18 岁）及其母亲作为参与者，进行了为期 4 年的纵向研究。母亲和青少年接受了评估抑郁的诊断访谈，青少年则报告了他们对同伴压力的反应。与交互模型一致，适应压力的反应（高努力参与和低非自愿脱离）缓冲了母亲抑郁对青少年抑郁初始水平和轨迹的影响，且存在性别差异。与双重风险模型一致，母亲抑郁和对压力的适应不良反应（高努力脱离和非自愿参与）增加了风险，即当青少年同时面临母亲抑郁和适应不良的应激反应时，他们表现出最高水平的抑郁。这项研究提供了新的证据，表明应激反应对抑郁母亲的后代中的抑郁个体差异有贡献，并表明应激反应是促进高危青少年恢复力的重要目标。
