Galla Sarah, Chakraborty Saroj, Mell Blair, Vijay-Kumar Matam, Joe Bina
Physiological Genomics Laboratory, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio; and.
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
Physiology (Bethesda). 2017 May;32(3):224-233. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00003.2017.
Hypertension, or elevated blood pressure (BP), has been extensively researched over decades and clearly demonstrated to be caused due to a combination of host genetic and environmental factors. Although much research remains to be conducted to pin-point the precise genetic elements on the host genome that control BP, new lines of evidence are emerging to indicate that, besides the host genome, the genomes of all indigenous commensal micro-organisms, collectively referred to as the microbial metagenome or microbiome, are important, but largely understudied, determinants of BP. Unlike the rigid host genome, the microbiome or the "second genome" can be altered by diet or microbiotal transplantation in the host. This possibility is attractive from the perspective of exploiting the microbiotal composition for clinical management of inherited hypertension. Thus, focusing on the limited current literature supporting a role for the microbiome in BP regulation, this review highlights the need to further explore the role of the co-existence of host and the microbiota as an organized biological unit called the "holobiont" in the context of BP regulation.
高血压，即血压升高，数十年来一直受到广泛研究，并且已明确证实其是由宿主遗传因素和环境因素共同作用引起的。尽管仍有大量研究有待开展，以确定宿主基因组中控制血压的精确基因元件，但新的证据表明，除宿主基因组外，所有本土共生微生物的基因组，统称为微生物宏基因组或微生物组，是血压的重要决定因素，但在很大程度上尚未得到充分研究。与固定不变的宿主基因组不同，微生物组或“第二基因组”可通过宿主的饮食或微生物移植而改变。从利用微生物组成来临床管理遗传性高血压的角度来看，这种可能性很有吸引力。因此，鉴于目前支持微生物组在血压调节中作用的文献有限，本综述强调有必要进一步探讨宿主与微生物群作为一个称为“全生物”的有组织生物单元共存，在血压调节背景下所发挥的作用。
