Chou Fu-Sheng, Wang Pei-Shan
Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA; Section of Neonatology, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Neurogenesis (Austin). 2016 Dec 27;3(1):e1261653. doi: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1261653. eCollection 2016.
During development of the nervous system, radial glial cells perform self-renewing asymmetric divisions and give rise to intermediate progenitor cells (IPC) and neurons. The neuronally committed IPC subsequently undergo multiple rounds of transient amplification and migrate outwards to form cortical layers as they continue to differentiate into mature neurons. Maturing neurons extend protrusions on their cell surface to form neurites, a process called neuritogenesis. Neurite formation results in the establishment of dendrites and axons for synapse formation, which is essential for sensory and motor functions and even higher-level functioning including memory formation and cognitive function, as well as shaping of behavior and emotion. Morphological adaptation during various stages of neural development requires active participation of actin cytoskeleton remodeling. In this review, we aim to discuss current understanding of the Arp2/3 complex branching nucleator in various neural cell types during development and maturation.
在神经系统发育过程中，放射状胶质细胞进行自我更新的不对称分裂，并产生中间祖细胞（IPC）和神经元。随后，已定向分化为神经元的IPC经历多轮短暂扩增，并向外迁移以形成皮质层，同时它们继续分化为成熟神经元。成熟的神经元在其细胞表面伸出突起以形成神经突，这一过程称为神经突发生。神经突的形成导致树突和轴突的建立以形成突触，这对于感觉和运动功能乃至包括记忆形成和认知功能在内的更高层次功能以及行为和情绪的塑造至关重要。神经发育各个阶段的形态适应需要肌动蛋白细胞骨架重塑的积极参与。在本综述中，我们旨在讨论目前对Arp2/3复合分支成核剂在发育和成熟过程中各种神经细胞类型中的理解。
