Escudero Carlos A, Herlitz Kurt, Troncoso Felipe, Guevara Katherine, Acurio Jesenia, Aguayo Claudio, Godoy Alejandro S, González Marcelo
Group of Investigation in Tumor Angiogenesis, Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Universidad del Bío BíoChillán, Chile.
Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Bío-BíoChillán, Chile.
Front Physiol. 2017 Apr 5;8:204. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00204. eCollection 2017.
The underlying molecular mechanisms involve in the regulation of the angiogenic process by insulin are not well understood. In this review article, we aim to describe the role of insulin and insulin receptor activation on the control of angiogenesis and how these mechanisms can be deregulated in human diseases. Functional expression of insulin receptors and their signaling pathways has been described on endothelial cells and pericytes, both of the main cells involved in vessel formation and maturation. Consequently, insulin has been shown to regulate endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and tubular structure formation through binding to its receptors and activation of intracellular phosphorylation cascades. Furthermore, insulin-mediated pro-angiogenic state is potentiated by generation of vascular growth factors, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor, produced by endothelial cells. Additionally, diseases such as insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes, and cancer may be associated with the deregulation of insulin-mediated angiogenesis. Despite this knowledge, the underlying molecular mechanisms need to be elucidated in order to provide new insights into the role of insulin on angiogenesis.
胰岛素调控血管生成过程的潜在分子机制尚未完全明确。在这篇综述文章中，我们旨在描述胰岛素及其受体激活在血管生成控制中的作用，以及这些机制在人类疾病中是如何失调的。胰岛素受体及其信号通路的功能性表达已在内皮细胞和周细胞中得到描述，这两种细胞都是参与血管形成和成熟的主要细胞。因此，胰岛素已被证明可通过与其受体结合并激活细胞内磷酸化级联反应来调节内皮细胞迁移、增殖和管状结构形成。此外，内皮细胞产生的血管生长因子（如血管内皮生长因子）的生成可增强胰岛素介导的促血管生成状态。此外，胰岛素抵抗、肥胖、糖尿病和癌症等疾病可能与胰岛素介导的血管生成失调有关。尽管有这些认识，但仍需要阐明潜在的分子机制，以便为胰岛素在血管生成中的作用提供新的见解。
