Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, 1-58 Rinku-ohraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan.
Neurochem Res. 2018 Jan;43(1):19-26. doi: 10.1007/s11064-017-2269-x. Epub 2017 Apr 19.
From the immunological point of view, macrophages are required to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Recently, there has been an increased focus on the influence of macrophage phenotypes in adipose tissue on the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in healthy conditions because dysregulated metabolic homeostasis causes metabolic syndrome. This review notes several types of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators in metabolic homeostasis. M1 macrophage polarization mediates inflammation, whereas M2 macrophage polarization mediates anti-inflammation. Fatty acids and their related factors mediate both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids mediate inflammation, whereas marine-derived n-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, mediate anti-inflammation. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the crosstalk between fatty acids and inflammation in macrophages and their influence on metabolic homeostasis.
从免疫学角度来看，巨噬细胞需要维持代谢稳态。最近，人们越来越关注脂肪组织中巨噬细胞表型对健康条件下代谢稳态的维持的影响，因为代谢稳态失调会导致代谢综合征。本综述指出了几种代谢稳态中的炎症和抗炎介质。M1 巨噬细胞极化介导炎症，而 M2 巨噬细胞极化介导抗炎。脂肪酸及其相关因子介导炎症和抗炎反应。饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸介导炎症，而海洋衍生的 n-3 脂肪酸，如二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸，介导抗炎。在本综述中，我们讨论了目前对脂肪酸与巨噬细胞炎症之间相互作用及其对代谢稳态影响的理解。
