Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, 06107 Nice, France.
Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, 06107 Nice, France.
Nutrients. 2019 Feb 20;11(2):438. doi: 10.3390/nu11020438.
Oxylipins are metabolized from dietary ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and are involved in an inflammatory response. Adipose tissue inflammatory background is a key factor of metabolic disorders and it is accepted that dietary fatty acids, in terms of quality and quantity, modulate oxylipin synthesis in this tissue. Moreover, it has been reported that diet supplementation in ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids resolves some inflammatory situations. Thus, it is crucial to assess the influence of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on oxylipin synthesis and their impact on adipose tissue inflammation. To this end, mice fed an ω6- or ω3-enriched standard diet ( ratio of 30 and 3.75, respectively) were analyzed for inflammatory phenotype and adipose tissue oxylipin content. Diet enrichment with an ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acid induced an increase in the oxylipins derived from ω6 linoleic acid, ω3 eicosapentaenoic, and ω3 docosahexaenoic acids in brown and white adipose tissues. Among these, the level of pro-resolving mediator intermediates, as well as anti-inflammatory metabolites, were augmented. Concomitantly, expressions of M2 macrophage markers were increased without affecting inflammatory cytokine contents. In vitro, these metabolites did not activate macrophages but participated in macrophage polarization by inflammatory stimuli. In conclusion, we demonstrated that an ω3-enriched diet, in non-obesogenic non-inflammatory conditions, induced synthesis of oxylipins which were involved in an anti-inflammatory response as well as enhancement of the M2 macrophage molecular signature, without affecting inflammatory cytokine secretion.
氧化脂类由膳食 ω3 和 ω6 多不饱和脂肪酸代谢生成，参与炎症反应。脂肪组织炎症背景是代谢紊乱的关键因素，人们认为膳食脂肪酸（从质量和数量两方面考虑）可调节该组织中氧化脂类的合成。此外，有报道称ω3 多不饱和脂肪酸的饮食补充可解决某些炎症情况。因此，评估膳食多不饱和脂肪酸对氧化脂类合成的影响及其对脂肪组织炎症的影响至关重要。为此，分析了喂食富含 ω6 或 ω3 的标准饮食（比例分别为 30 和 3.75）的小鼠的炎症表型和脂肪组织氧化脂类含量。ω3 多不饱和脂肪酸饮食富集可增加棕色和白色脂肪组织中来源于 ω6 亚油酸、ω3 二十碳五烯酸和 ω3 二十二碳六烯酸的氧化脂类。其中，促解决介质中间产物以及抗炎代谢物的水平增加。同时，M2 巨噬细胞标志物的表达增加而不影响炎性细胞因子含量。在体外，这些代谢物不会激活巨噬细胞，但可通过炎症刺激参与巨噬细胞极化。总之，我们证明了富含 ω3 的饮食在非肥胖非炎症条件下可诱导氧化脂类的合成，这些氧化脂类参与抗炎反应，并增强 M2 巨噬细胞的分子特征，而不影响炎性细胞因子的分泌。
