新型头盔的使用与摩托车骑手死亡情况
Novelty helmet use and motorcycle rider fatality.
作者信息
Rice Thomas M, Troszak Lara, Erhardt Taryn, Trent Roger B, Zhu Motao
机构信息
University of California Berkeley, United States.
University of California Berkeley, United States.
出版信息
Accid Anal Prev. 2017 Jun;103:123-128. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 Apr 19.
OBJECTIVES
To compare the risk of fatal injury across helmet types among collision-involved motorcyclists.
METHODS
We used data from a cohort of motorcyclists involved in police-reported traffic collisions. Eighty-four law enforcement agencies in California collected detailed information on helmet and rider characteristics during collision investigations in June 2012 through July 2013. Multiply-adjusted risk ratios were estimated with log-binomial regression.
RESULTS
The adjusted fatal injury risk ratio for novelty helmets was 1.95 (95% CI 1.11-3.40, p 0.019), comparing novelty helmets with full-face helmets. The risk ratios for modular, open-face, and half-helmets, compared with full-face helmets, were not significant.
CONCLUSIONS
A more complete understanding of the inadequacy of novelty helmets can be used in educational and law enforcement countermeasures to improve helmet use among motorcycling populations in California and other US states. Law enforcement approaches to mitigating novelty helmet use would seem attractive given that novelty helmets can be visually identified by law enforcement officers with sufficient training.
目的
比较涉及碰撞事故的摩托车骑行者中不同类型头盔的致命伤害风险。
方法
我们使用了一组涉及警方报告的交通碰撞事故的摩托车骑行者的数据。2012年6月至2013年7月期间，加利福尼亚州的84个执法机构在碰撞事故调查中收集了有关头盔和骑行者特征的详细信息。采用对数二项回归估计多重调整后的风险比。
结果
将新奇头盔与全脸头盔相比，新奇头盔调整后的致命伤害风险比为1.95（95%可信区间1.11 - 3.40，p = 0.019）。与全脸头盔相比，模块化头盔、开放式头盔和半盔的风险比不显著。
结论
更全面地了解新奇头盔的不足之处，可用于教育和执法对策，以提高加利福尼亚州和美国其他州摩托车骑行人群的头盔使用率。鉴于经过充分培训的执法人员能够从外观上识别新奇头盔，减少新奇头盔使用的执法方法似乎很有吸引力。
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