Iqbal Jahangir, Walsh Meghan T, Hammad Samar M, Hussain M Mahmood
Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11203, USA; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, MNGHA, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11203, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jul;28(7):506-518. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.03.005. Epub 2017 Apr 24.
Sphingolipids are structurally and functionally diverse molecules with significant physiologic functions and are found associated with cellular membranes and plasma lipoproteins. The cellular and plasma concentrations of sphingolipids are altered in several metabolic disorders and may serve as prognostic and diagnostic markers. Here we discuss various sphingolipid transport mechanisms and highlight how changes in cellular and plasma sphingolipid levels contribute to cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Understanding of the mechanisms involved in intracellular transport, secretion, and extracellular transport may provide novel information that might be amenable to therapeutic targeting for the treatment of various metabolic disorders.
鞘脂是结构和功能多样的分子，具有重要的生理功能，与细胞膜和血浆脂蛋白相关。鞘脂的细胞内和血浆浓度在几种代谢紊乱中会发生改变，可作为预后和诊断标志物。在此，我们讨论各种鞘脂转运机制，并强调细胞内和血浆鞘脂水平的变化如何导致心血管疾病、肥胖、糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）。了解细胞内转运、分泌和细胞外转运所涉及的机制，可能会提供新的信息，这些信息可能适用于针对各种代谢紊乱的治疗靶点。
