Thornburgh Cody L, Narayana Shalini, Rezaie Roozbeh, Bydlinski Bella N, Tylavsky Frances A, Papanicolaou Andrew C, Choudhri Asim F, Völgyi Eszter
Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA.
College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Apr 25;11:199. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00199. eCollection 2017.
Though fairly well-studied in adults, less is known about the manifestation of resting state networks (RSN) in children. We examined the validity of RSN derived in an ethnically diverse group of typically developing 6- to 7-year-old children. We hypothesized that the RSNs in young children would be robust and would reliably show significant concordance with previously published RSN in adults. Additionally, we hypothesized that a smaller sample size using this robust technique would be comparable in quality to pediatric RSNs found in a larger cohort study. Furthermore, we posited that compared to the adult RSNs, the primary sensorimotor and the default mode networks (DMNs) in this pediatric group would demonstrate the greatest correspondence, while the executive function networks would exhibit a lesser degree of spatial overlap. Resting state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRI) were acquired in 18 children between 6 and 7 years recruited from an ethnically diverse population in the Mid-South region of the United States. Twenty RSNs were derived using group independent component analysis and their spatial correspondence with previously published adult RSNs was examined. We demonstrate that the rs-fMRI in this group can be deconstructed into the fundamental RSN as all the major RSNs previously described in adults and in a large sample that included older children can be observed in our sample of young children. Further, the primary visual, auditory, and somatosensory networks, as well as the default mode, and frontoparietal networks derived in this group exhibited a greater spatial concordance with those seen in adults. The motor, temporoparietal, executive control, dorsal attention, and cerebellar networks in children had less spatial overlap with the corresponding RSNs in adults. Our findings suggest that several salient RSNs can be mapped reliably in small and diverse pediatric cohort within a narrow age range and the evolution of these RSNs can be studied reliably in such groups during early childhood and adolescence.
尽管静息态网络（RSN）在成人中已有相当深入的研究，但对于儿童静息态网络的表现却知之甚少。我们研究了从种族多样化的6至7岁正常发育儿童群体中得出的RSN的有效性。我们假设幼儿的RSN是稳定的，并且与先前发表的成人RSN可靠地显示出显著的一致性。此外，我们假设使用这种稳健技术的较小样本量在质量上可与更大队列研究中发现的儿科RSN相媲美。此外，我们推测，与成人RSN相比，该儿科组中的主要感觉运动网络和默认模式网络（DMN）将表现出最大的对应性，而执行功能网络将表现出较小程度的空间重叠。在美国中南部地区从种族多样化人群中招募了18名6至7岁的儿童，采集了他们的静息态功能磁共振图像（rs-fMRI）。使用组独立成分分析得出20个RSN，并检查了它们与先前发表的成人RSN的空间对应性。我们证明，该组中的rs-fMRI可以解构为基本的RSN，因为在我们的幼儿样本中可以观察到先前在成人和包括大龄儿童在内的大样本中描述的所有主要RSN。此外，该组得出的主要视觉、听觉和体感网络，以及默认模式网络和额顶网络与成人中观察到的网络表现出更大的空间一致性。儿童的运动、颞顶、执行控制、背侧注意和小脑网络与成人中相应的RSN的空间重叠较少。我们的研究结果表明，在狭窄的年龄范围内，可以在小型且多样化的儿科队列中可靠地绘制几个显著的RSN，并且在幼儿期和青少年期可以在这些群体中可靠地研究这些RSN的演变。
