美国新兴绿色职业劳动力面临的化学和物理暴露
Chemical and Physical Exposures in the Emerging US Green-Collar Workforce.
作者信息
Chen Charles J, Moore Kevin J, Fernandez Cristina A, Arheart Kristopher L, LeBlanc William G, Cifuentes Manuel, McClure Laura A, Christ Sharon L, Fleming Lora E, Lee David J, Caban-Martinez Alberto J
机构信息
Department Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida (Mr Chen, Mr Moore, Dr Fernandez, Mr Arheart, Dr LeBlanc, Ms McClure, Drs Fleming, Lee, Caban-Martinez); European Centre for Environment and Human Health and University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK (Dr Fleming); Department of Public Health, Regis College, Weston, Massachusetts (Dr Cifuentes); and Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (Dr Christ).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2017 May;59(5):e91-e96. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001004.
OBJECTIVE
"Green collar" workers serve in occupations that directly improve environmental quality and sustainability. This study estimates and compares the prevalence of select physical and chemical exposures among green versus non-green U.S. workers.
METHODS
Data from the U.S. 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Occupational Health Supplement were linked to the Occupational Information Network (ONET) Database. We examined four main exposures: 1) vapors, gas, dust, fumes (VGDF); 2) secondhand tobacco smoke; 3) skin hazards; 4) outdoor work.
RESULTS
Green-collar workers were significantly more likely to report exposure to VGDF and outdoor work than nongreen-collar workers [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.40; AOR = 1.44 (1.26 to 1.63), respectively]. Green-collar workers were less likely to be exposed to chemicals (AOR = 0.80; 0.69 to 0.92).
CONCLUSIONS
Green-collar workers appear to be at a greater risk for select workplace exposures. As the green industry continues to grow, it is important to identify these occupational hazards in order to maximize worker health.
目的
“绿领”工人从事的职业直接改善环境质量和可持续性。本研究估计并比较了美国绿领工人与非绿领工人中特定物理和化学暴露的流行情况。
方法
将美国2010年国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）职业健康补充调查的数据与职业信息网络（ONET）数据库相链接。我们研究了四种主要暴露：1）蒸汽、气体、粉尘、烟雾（VGDF）；2）二手烟草烟雾；3）皮肤危害；4）户外工作。
结果
与非绿领工人相比，绿领工人报告暴露于VGDF和户外工作的可能性显著更高[调整后的优势比（AOR）=1.25；95%置信区间（CI）=1.11至1.40；AOR=1.44（1.26至1.63）]。绿领工人接触化学物质的可能性较小（AOR=0.80；0.69至0.92）。
结论
绿领工人似乎面临特定工作场所暴露的风险更大。随着绿色产业的持续增长，识别这些职业危害以最大限度地保障工人健康非常重要。
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