Nitta Eri, Onoda Keiichi, Ishitobi Fuminori, Okazaki Ryota, Mishima Seiji, Nagai Atsushi, Yamaguchi Shuhei
Central Clinical Laboratory, Shimane University HospitalIzumo, Japan.
Department of Neurology, Shimane University Faculty of MedicineIzumo, Japan.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Apr 28;11:179. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00179. eCollection 2017.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, results in the impairment of executive function, including that of performance monitoring. Feedback-related negativity (FRN) is an electrophysiological measure reflecting the activity of this monitoring system via feedback signals, and is generated from the anterior cingulate cortex. However, there have been no reports on FRN in AD. Based on prior aging studies, we hypothesized that FRN would decrease in AD patients. To assess this, FRN was measured in healthy individuals and those with AD during a simple gambling task involving positive and negative feedback stimuli. Contrary to our hypothesis, FRN amplitude increased in AD patients, compared with the healthy elderly. We speculate that this may reflect the existence of a compensatory mechanism against the decline in executive function. Also, there was a significant association between FRN amplitude and depression scores in AD, and the FRN amplitude tended to increase insomuch as the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) was higher. This result suggests the existence of a negative bias in the affective state in AD. Thus, the impaired functioning monitoring system in AD is a more complex phenomenon than we thought.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是老年人痴呆最常见的病因，会导致执行功能受损，包括绩效监测功能。反馈相关负波（FRN）是一种电生理指标，通过反馈信号反映该监测系统的活动，由前扣带回皮层产生。然而，尚无关于AD患者FRN的报道。基于先前的衰老研究，我们假设AD患者的FRN会降低。为了评估这一点，在一项涉及正性和负性反馈刺激的简单赌博任务中，对健康个体和AD患者的FRN进行了测量。与我们的假设相反，与健康老年人相比，AD患者的FRN波幅增加。我们推测，这可能反映了针对执行功能下降的一种代偿机制的存在。此外，AD患者的FRN波幅与抑郁评分之间存在显著关联，且随着自评抑郁量表（SDS）得分越高，FRN波幅往往越大。这一结果表明AD患者的情感状态存在负性偏差。因此，AD中功能受损的监测系统是一个比我们想象中更复杂的现象。
