Moradian Mohammad Javad, Ardalan Ali, Nejati Amir, Boloorani Ali Darvishi, Akbarisari Ali, Rastegarfar Behnaz
Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Disaster & Emergency Health, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
PLoS Curr. 2017 May 1;9:ecurrents.dis.a6f34643f3cd22c168b8c6f2deeae86d. doi: 10.1371/currents.dis.a6f34643f3cd22c168b8c6f2deeae86d.
Hospitals should be safe and remain functional in emergencies and disasters as it is mentioned in the Sendai Framework. Proper selection of a hospital location has a direct effect on survival of affected population in disasters as well as cost and benefit of the hospital in non-emergency situation. Different studies applied different criteria for Hospital Site Selection (HSS). The present study through a systematic review aimed to find out a categorized criteria list that have been used for (HSS) in the literature.
In accordance with the PRISMA statement, "PubMed", "ScienceDirect", "Google Scholar", and "Scopus" were searched up to end of 2015. All English Articles that were published in peer-reviewed journals and had discussed site selection criteria for hospitals were included. Out of 41 articles, 15 met the inclusion criteria in which 39 general criteria for HSS were applied. These criteria were categorized in six main groups including cost, demand, environmental, administrative, disaster risk, and "other" concerns through a focus group discussion.
Accordingly, the application percentage of cost, demand, environmental, administrative, disaster risk, and "other" concerns in the articles was 100, 93.3, 53.3, 33.3, 20.0, and 13.3 respectively. The least devoted attention was to disaster risk issues.
Few researchers applied risk related criteria for HSS. Further consideration of "risk of hazards" and "burden of diseases" in comprehensive studies, is recommended for HSS to guide the decision makers for building more resilient hospitals. Keywords Hospital, Site selection, Systematic review, Disaster risk.
正如《仙台框架》中所提到的，医院在紧急情况和灾难中应保持安全并继续发挥功能。医院选址的恰当与否直接影响受灾人群在灾难中的生存几率，以及医院在非紧急情况下的成本效益。不同的研究采用了不同的医院选址标准。本研究通过系统综述，旨在找出文献中用于医院选址的分类标准清单。
根据PRISMA声明，检索了截至2015年底的“PubMed”“ScienceDirect”“谷歌学术”和“Scopus”。纳入所有发表在同行评审期刊上且讨论了医院选址标准的英文文章。在41篇文章中，15篇符合纳入标准，其中应用了39条医院选址的一般标准。通过焦点小组讨论，这些标准被分为六个主要类别，包括成本、需求、环境、行政、灾害风险和“其他”问题。
相应地，这些标准在文章中的应用百分比分别为：成本100%、需求93.3%、环境53.3%、行政33.3%、灾害风险20.0%和“其他”问题13.3%。对灾害风险问题的关注最少。
很少有研究人员将风险相关标准应用于医院选址。建议在综合研究中进一步考虑“灾害风险”和“疾病负担”，以指导决策者建设更具韧性的医院。关键词 医院；选址；系统综述；灾害风险
