Marchi S, Trombetta C M, Gasparini R, Temperton N, Montomoli E
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2017 Mar;58(1):E27-E33.
Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are among the most widespread causative agents of human viral infections. HSV-2 is one of the commonest causes of genital disease, while HSV-1 is associated primarily with orolabial ulceration; however, recent changes in HSV epidemiology showed an increase in genital and neonatal herpes particularly caused by HSV-1. The main purpose of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in a random population in Siena (central Italy) in 2000, 2005 and 2013-2014 and in Bari (southern Italy) in 2005. Moreover, a preliminary study was conducted to investigate the spread of HSV infection in a population of pregnant women and infants in Bari in 2003, 2004 and 2005. Human serum samples were tested for the presence of specific anti-HSV-1 and anti-HSV-2 IgG antibodies using a commercially available ELISA test. For the primary purpose, seroprevalence rates observed in Siena were compared over the years sampled and with the seroprevalence rate found in Bari. Results of seroprevalence in Siena show a decreased trend for both viruses, especially in adolescents and young adults; moreover, HSV-2 seroprevalence rates found in the two cities suggest geographical differences. For the secondary purpose, prevalence rates among pregnant women were compared with the seroprevalence found in women of the general population. No significant difference in prevalence rates were found among pregnant women, while results indicate both viruses are a source of infection in infants.
单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）是人类病毒感染中最广泛的病原体之一。HSV-2是生殖器疾病最常见的病因之一，而HSV-1主要与口腔唇溃疡有关；然而，HSV流行病学的最新变化表明，尤其是由HSV-1引起的生殖器疱疹和新生儿疱疹有所增加。本研究的主要目的是评估2000年、2005年以及2013 - 2014年锡耶纳（意大利中部）和2005年巴里（意大利南部）随机人群中HSV-1和HSV-2的血清流行率。此外，还进行了一项初步研究，以调查2003年、2004年和2005年巴里孕妇和婴儿人群中HSV感染的传播情况。使用市售酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试验检测人血清样本中特异性抗HSV-1和抗HSV-2 IgG抗体的存在情况。对于主要目的，比较了多年来在锡耶纳观察到的血清流行率以及在巴里发现的血清流行率。锡耶纳的血清流行率结果显示两种病毒均呈下降趋势，尤其是在青少年和年轻人中；此外，两个城市中HSV-2的血清流行率表明存在地理差异。对于次要目的，比较了孕妇中的流行率与普通人群中女性的血清流行率。孕妇中未发现流行率有显著差异，而结果表明两种病毒都是婴儿感染的来源。
