Reilly Samantha M, Goel Reema, Trushin Neil, Elias Ryan J, Foulds Jonathan, Muscat Joshua, Liao Jason, Richie John P
Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science (TCORS), Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.
Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, College of Agricultural Sciences, University Park, PA, United States.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2017 Aug;106(Pt A):147-154. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.035. Epub 2017 May 18.
Oxidative stress/damage resulting from exposure to cigarette smoke plays a critical role in the development of tobacco-caused diseases. Carbonyls and free radicals are two major classes of oxidants in tobacco smoke. There is little information on the combined delivery of these oxidants across different cigarette brands; thus, we set out to measure and compare their levels in mainstream smoke from popular US cigarettes. Mainstream smoke from 28 different cigarette brands produced by smoking (FTC protocol) was analyzed for five important, abundant carbonyls, and levels were compared to previously determined free radical for the same brands. Overall, there were large variations (3- to 6-fold) in carbonyl levels across brands with total carbonyl levels ranging from 275 to 804 μg/cigarette, which persisted even after adjusting for ventilation. Individual carbonyl levels were highly correlated with each other (r: 0.40-0.95, P < 0.003) except for formaldehyde. Both gas-phase (r: 0.37, P = 0.006) and particulate-phase (r: 0.27, P = 0.005) free radicals were correlated to total carbonyl content; however, this correlation disappeared after adjusting for ventilation. These data show that overall oxidant production varies widely by cigarette brand and the resulting difference in oxidant burden could potentially lead to differences in disease risk.
接触香烟烟雾所导致的氧化应激/损伤在烟草所致疾病的发展过程中起着关键作用。羰基化合物和自由基是烟草烟雾中的两类主要氧化剂。关于这些氧化剂在不同香烟品牌中的联合释放情况，相关信息较少；因此，我们着手测量并比较它们在美国流行香烟主流烟雾中的含量水平。通过抽吸（按照联邦贸易委员会标准）对28个不同香烟品牌产生的主流烟雾进行分析，检测其中五种重要且含量丰富的羰基化合物，并将其含量水平与之前测定的同一品牌的自由基含量进行比较。总体而言，各品牌间羰基化合物含量存在较大差异（3至6倍），总羰基化合物含量范围为每支香烟275至804微克，即使在对通风情况进行校正后，这种差异依然存在。除甲醛外，各羰基化合物含量之间高度相关（r：0.40 - 0.95，P < 0.003）。气相自由基（r：0.37，P = 0.006）和颗粒相自由基（r：0.27，P = 0.005）均与总羰基化合物含量相关；然而，在对通风情况进行校正后，这种相关性消失。这些数据表明，不同香烟品牌产生的氧化剂总量差异很大，由此导致的氧化剂负担差异可能会使疾病风险产生差异。
