Pazo Daniel Y, Moliere Fallon, Sampson Maureen M, Reese Christopher M, Agnew-Heard Kimberly A, Walters Matthew J, Holman Matthew R, Blount Benjamin C, Watson Clifford H, Chambers David M
Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, GA;
Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 Sep;18(9):1886-94. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw118. Epub 2016 Apr 25.
A significant portion of the increased risk of cancer and respiratory disease from exposure to cigarette smoke is attributed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, 21 VOCs were quantified in mainstream cigarette smoke from 50U.S. domestic brand varieties that included high market share brands and 2 Kentucky research cigarettes (3R4F and 1R5F).
Mainstream smoke was generated under ISO 3308 and Canadian Intense (CI) smoking protocols with linear smoking machines with a gas sampling bag collection followed by solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME/GC/MS) analysis.
For both protocols, mainstream smoke VOC amounts among the different brand varieties were strongly correlated between the majority of the analytes. Overall, Pearson correlation (r) ranged from 0.68 to 0.99 for ISO and 0.36 to 0.95 for CI. However, monoaromatic compounds were found to increase disproportionately compared to unsaturated, nitro, and carbonyl compounds under the CI smoking protocol where filter ventilation is blocked.
Overall, machine generated "vapor phase" amounts (µg/cigarette) are primarily attributed to smoking protocol (e.g., blocking of vent holes, puff volume, and puff duration) and filter ventilation. A possible cause for the disproportionate increase in monoaromatic compounds could be increased pyrolysis under low oxygen conditions associated with the CI protocol.
This is the most comprehensive assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cigarette smoke to date, encompassing 21 toxic VOCs, 50 different cigarette brand varieties, and 2 different machine smoking protocols (ISO and CI). For most analytes relative proportions remain consistent among U.S. cigarette brand varieties regardless of smoking protocol, however the CI smoking protocol did cause up to a factor of 6 increase in the proportion of monoaromatic compounds. This study serves as a basis to assess VOC exposure as cigarette smoke is a principle source of overall population-level VOC exposure in the United States.
接触香烟烟雾导致患癌症和呼吸系统疾病风险增加的很大一部分归因于挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。在本研究中，对来自50个美国国内品牌品种（包括高市场份额品牌）以及2种肯塔基研究香烟（3R4F和1R5F）的主流香烟烟雾中的21种VOCs进行了定量分析。
在ISO 3308和加拿大深度（CI）吸烟方案下，使用线性吸烟机产生主流烟雾，通过气体采样袋收集，随后进行固相微萃取/气相色谱/质谱（SPME/GC/MS）分析。
对于这两种方案，不同品牌品种的主流烟雾VOC含量在大多数分析物之间具有很强的相关性。总体而言，ISO方案的皮尔逊相关系数（r）范围为0.68至0.99，CI方案为0.36至0.95。然而，在CI吸烟方案（滤嘴通风受阻）下，发现单环芳烃化合物的增加比例与不饱和、硝基和羰基化合物相比不成比例。
总体而言，机器产生的“气相”含量（微克/支）主要归因于吸烟方案（例如，通风孔堵塞、抽吸量和抽吸持续时间）和滤嘴通风。单环芳烃化合物不成比例增加的一个可能原因可能是与CI方案相关的低氧条件下热解增加。
这是迄今为止对香烟烟雾中挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）最全面的评估，涵盖21种有毒VOCs、50种不同的香烟品牌品种以及2种不同的机器吸烟方案（ISO和CI）。对于大多数分析物，无论吸烟方案如何，美国香烟品牌品种之间的相对比例保持一致，然而CI吸烟方案确实导致单环芳烃化合物的比例增加高达6倍。本研究为评估VOC暴露提供了依据，因为在美国，香烟烟雾是总体人群水平VOC暴露的主要来源。
