Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Uniklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Department of Human Biology & Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
Methods. 2017 Nov 1;130:105-113. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.05.001. Epub 2017 May 19.
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) research has evolved from an underestimated to a fast developing field. Its assumed curing properties for the world wide epidemic obesity, and its related diseases, makes this tissue an interesting target for a broad amount of non-invasive molecular BAT tracers. Apart from F-FDG PET/CT there are several methods to detect BAT and measure its metabolism in a more appropriate way. Especially interesting is the measure of lipid turnover, because fatty acids comprise the main fuel for active BAT. This review outlines different imaging modalities suitable for BAT imaging with the overall goal to explain the yet not completely understood mechanism in BAT and its quantitative contribution to whole body lipid and energy metabolism.
Publications with focus on brown adipose tissue and lipid metabolism imaging are analyzed, different imaging approaches are introduced and promising BAT tracers are presented.
Radiolabelled and fluorescent fatty acids, labelled particles, H-Triolein and ADIFAB staining can give information about the inflow and therefore about the utilization of fatty acids which represents the activation state in vivo/in vitro. Non-invasive scanning with CT or MRI is a useful addition to those techniques.
Lipid metabolism imaging offers the opportunity to visualize and quantify yet undiscovered aspects of BAT metabolic activities and is key to completely clarify its role in whole body lipid and energy metabolism.
棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的研究已经从一个被低估的领域发展成为一个快速发展的领域。由于其被认为具有治疗全球肥胖症及其相关疾病的特性，因此该组织成为了大量非侵入性分子 BAT 示踪剂的研究目标。除了 F-FDG PET/CT 之外，还有几种方法可以更准确地检测 BAT 并测量其代谢。特别有趣的是脂质周转率的测量，因为脂肪酸是活跃 BAT 的主要燃料。本综述概述了适用于 BAT 成像的不同成像方式，其总体目标是解释 BAT 中尚未完全理解的机制及其对全身脂质和能量代谢的定量贡献。
分析了重点关注棕色脂肪组织和脂质代谢成像的出版物，介绍了不同的成像方法，并提出了有前途的 BAT 示踪剂。
放射性标记和荧光脂肪酸、标记颗粒、H-三油酸甘油酯和 ADIFAB 染色可以提供有关脂肪酸流入的信息，从而代表体内/体外的激活状态。CT 或 MRI 的非侵入性扫描是这些技术的有益补充。
脂质代谢成像提供了可视化和量化尚未发现的 BAT 代谢活动的机会，是完全阐明其在全身脂质和能量代谢中的作用的关键。
