Moskowitz Lindsay, Weiselberg Eric
Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY.
Division of Adolescent Medicine, Cohen Children׳s Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY; Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY.
Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2017 Apr;47(4):70-84. doi: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2017.02.003.
Anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate among all psychiatric illnesses, as it can result in significant psychopathology along with life-threatening medical complications. Atypical anorexia nervosa is a new variant described in the latest DSM edition, which has much in common with anorexia nervosa and also can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The evolution of the criteria for these illnesses is reviewed, and the two are compared and contrasted in this article. Important labs to monitor for in those with these illnesses, along with an emphasis on the monitoring of vital signs and weight, are reviewed here. The necessity for close psychiatric monitoring of safety concerns, including suicidal thoughts, is also stressed. The etiology and the treatment of these illnesses are reviewed from a biopsychosocial approach; and lastly, the prognosis of these illnesses is discussed.
神经性厌食症在所有精神疾病中死亡率最高，因为它会导致严重的精神病理学问题以及危及生命的医学并发症。非典型神经性厌食症是最新版《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》中描述的一种新变体，它与神经性厌食症有许多共同之处，也会导致显著的发病率和死亡率。本文回顾了这些疾病诊断标准的演变，并对两者进行了比较和对比。还在此处回顾了对患有这些疾病的患者需要监测的重要实验室指标，同时强调了对生命体征和体重的监测。也强调了对包括自杀念头在内的安全问题进行密切精神科监测的必要性。本文从生物心理社会角度回顾了这些疾病的病因和治疗方法；最后，讨论了这些疾病的预后。
