Bawaked Rowaedh Ahmed, Schröder Helmut, Ribas-Barba Lourdes, Cárdenas Gabriela, Peña-Quintana Luis, Pérez-Rodrigo Carmen, Fíto Montserrat, Serra-Majem Lluis
Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University of Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
PeerJ. 2017 May 17;5:e3304. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3304. eCollection 2017.
Plant-based diets have been linked to high diet quality and reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. The health impact of plant-based diets might be partially explained by the concomitant intake of flavonoids. Estimation of flavonoids intake in adults has been important for the development of dietary recommendations and interventions for the prevention of weight gain and its consequences. However, estimation of flavonoids intake in children and adolescents is limited.
Average daily intake and sources of flavonoids were estimated for a representative national sample of 3,534 children and young people in Spain, aged 2-24 years. The data was collected between 1998 and 2000 by 24-h recalls. The Phenol-Explorer database and the USDA database on flavonoids content were used. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured by the KIDMED index.
The mean and median intakes of total flavonoids were 70.7 and 48.1 mg/day, respectively. The most abundant flavonoid class was flavan-3-ols (35.7%), with fruit being the top food source of flavonoids intake (42.8%). Total flavonoids intake was positively associated with the KIDMED index ( < 0.001).
The results of this study provide primary information about flavonoids intake and main food sources in Spanish children, adolescents and young adults. Participants with high daily mean intake of flavonoids have higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
以植物为基础的饮食与高质量饮食及降低心血管疾病风险有关。以植物为基础的饮食对健康的影响可能部分归因于黄酮类化合物的同时摄入。估计成年人黄酮类化合物的摄入量对于制定预防体重增加及其后果的饮食建议和干预措施很重要。然而，儿童和青少年黄酮类化合物摄入量的估计有限。
对西班牙3534名年龄在2至24岁的儿童和年轻人的代表性全国样本，估计其黄酮类化合物的平均每日摄入量和来源。数据于1998年至2000年通过24小时回忆法收集。使用了酚类物质探索者数据库和美国农业部关于黄酮类化合物含量的数据库。通过KIDMED指数衡量对地中海饮食的依从性。
总黄酮类化合物的平均摄入量和中位数摄入量分别为70.7毫克/天和48.1毫克/天。最丰富的黄酮类化合物类别是黄烷-3-醇（35.7%），水果是黄酮类化合物摄入的主要食物来源（42.8%）。总黄酮类化合物摄入量与KIDMED指数呈正相关（<0.001）。
本研究结果提供了有关西班牙儿童、青少年和年轻人黄酮类化合物摄入量及主要食物来源的初步信息。每日平均黄酮类化合物摄入量高的参与者对地中海饮食的依从性更高。
