Kent Katherine, Charlton Karen, O'Sullivan Therese, Oddy Wendy H
Centre for Rural Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia.
School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Dec;59(8):3841-3856. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02218-z. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
The consumption of dietary flavonoids from plant-based foods has been related to the prevention of multiple chronic diseases. However, intake data from adolescents are lacking. We aimed to characterise the intake and major sources of dietary flavonoids among Australian adolescents and investigate changes during adolescence.
The Raine Study Gen 2 participants completed a 212-item food frequency questionnaire at age 14 years and 17 years, with repeated measures for n = 883. Items were assigned a content for six flavonoid subclasses using the Phenol-Explorer database, which were summed for total flavonoid intake. Daily intakes and sources of flavonoids and flavonoid-subclasses were determined, and change assessed between 14 and 17 years, for males and females.
Major food sources of flavonoids and each subclass were similar at 14 and 17 years, with fruit juice the major contributor to total flavonoid intake at both time points (providing 44% and 38%, respectively). Citrus flavanones (predominantly hesperitin) were the major subclass at 14 years, while tea flavan-3-ols were a major subclass (predominantly procyanidin dimers) at 17 years. The mean intake of total flavonoids at 14 years was 210 ± 133 mg/day, reducing by 5% (10 mg/day) by 17 years. Females consumed a more flavonoid-dense diet compared to males (104.5 ± 71.5 mg/1000 kcal vs 80.4 ± 50.3 mg/1000 kcal per day; p < 0.001).
This study provides a comprehensive estimation of flavonoid intake and their major food sources in a sample of Australian adolescents, which may be useful in the development of practical dietary recommendations.
食用基于植物性食物的膳食类黄酮与预防多种慢性疾病有关。然而，青少年的摄入量数据尚缺。我们旨在描述澳大利亚青少年膳食类黄酮的摄入量及其主要来源，并调查青春期期间的变化情况。
第二代莱恩研究的参与者在14岁和17岁时完成了一份包含212个条目的食物频率问卷，对n = 883人进行了重复测量。使用酚类物质探索者数据库为六个类黄酮亚类的条目分配含量，将其相加得出总类黄酮摄入量。确定了类黄酮及其亚类的每日摄入量和来源，并评估了14岁至17岁之间男性和女性的变化情况。
14岁和17岁时，类黄酮及其各亚类的主要食物来源相似，两个时间点上果汁都是总类黄酮摄入量的主要贡献者（分别占44%和38%）。柑橘类黄烷酮（主要是橙皮素）在14岁时是主要亚类，而茶黄烷-3-醇在17岁时是主要亚类（主要是原花青素二聚体）。14岁时总类黄酮的平均摄入量为210±133毫克/天，到17岁时减少了5%（10毫克/天）。与男性相比，女性的类黄酮饮食密度更高（每天104.5±71.5毫克/1000千卡 vs 80.4±50.3毫克/1000千卡；p < 0.001）。
本研究全面估计了澳大利亚青少年样本中类黄酮的摄入量及其主要食物来源，这可能有助于制定切实可行的膳食建议。
