Martone Domenico, Giacobbe Moreno, Capobianco Adriano, Imperlini Esther, Mancini Annamaria, Capasso Mario, Buono Pasqualina, Orrù Stefania
1Department of Motor Science and Well-being, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy; 2Amateur Sports Club, Europe, Naples, Italy; 3IRCCS SDN Foundation, Naples, Italy; 4CEINGE Biotechnology Avanzate, s.c. a r.l., Naples, Italy; and 5Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Jun;31(6):1486-1492. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001615.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6 different areas per player (AP) on exercise intensity (EI) measured during small-sided games (SSGs) and expressed as percentage of maximal heart rate (%MHR) and technical actions (TAs) involvement with the ball, crosses, headers, tackles, shots on goal, dribbling, passing, and target passing-in U-12 and U-14 soccer players during SSGs. Seventeen male U-12 soccer players (age 10.0 ± 0.5 years, body mass 39.3 ± 5.3 kg, and height 143.8 ± 4.6 cm) and 16 male U-14 soccer players (age 13.2 ± 0.3 years, body mass 46.6 ± 11.9 kg, and height 154.8 ± 8.5 cm) performed SSGs with different AP: 40, 50, 66.7, 90, 112.5, and 150 m. Our results indicate that at larger AP, the U-12 group's mean EI values were significantly higher than those at smaller AP (p ≤ 0.05); in addition, intergroup comparison showed that EI was higher in U-12 than that in U-14 players when AP of 112.5 and 150 m were considered (p ≤ 0.05). Technical action analysis evidenced that moving from smaller to larger AP, U-14 players adapted better to AP changes. In conclusion, these results suggest that AP influences differently EI and TAs in U-12 and U-14 players. Our results could be taken into account by conditioning coaches to better tailor the physiological and technical training in young players through the modulation of AP.
本研究旨在评估在小场地比赛（SSG）期间，每个球员不同的6个区域（AP）对运动强度（EI）的影响，运动强度以最大心率百分比（%MHR）表示，并评估在U-12和U-14足球运动员的小场地比赛中与球相关的技术动作（TA）参与情况，包括传中、头球、铲球、射门、运球、传球和目标传球。17名U-12男性足球运动员（年龄10.0±0.5岁，体重39.3±5.3 kg，身高143.8±4.6 cm）和16名U-14男性足球运动员（年龄13.2±0.3岁，体重46.6±11.9 kg，身高154.8±8.5 cm）进行了不同AP（40、50、66.7、90、112.5和150米）的小场地比赛。我们的结果表明，在较大的AP时，U-12组的平均EI值显著高于较小AP时的平均EI值（p≤0.05）；此外，组间比较表明，当考虑112.5米和150米的AP时，U-12球员的EI高于U-14球员（p≤0.05）。技术动作分析表明，从较小的AP到较大的AP，U-14球员对AP变化的适应性更好。总之，这些结果表明，AP对U-12和U-14球员的EI和TA有不同的影响。体能教练可以考虑我们的结果，通过调整AP更好地为年轻球员量身定制生理和技术训练。
