González-Jaranay Maximino, Téllez Luís, Roa-López Antonio, Gómez-Moreno Gerardo, Moreu Gerardo
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Granada University, Granada, Spain.
PLoS One. 2017 May 19;12(5):e0178234. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178234. eCollection 2017.
Different studies have documented an association between periodontal disease and low birth-weight delivery. Hence, knowledge of periodontal status during pregnancy and postpartum is important in order to reduce the risks of both diseases. This study aimed to analyze periodontal status at successive stages of pregnancy and 3-6 weeks postpartum in women with initial periodontal alterations.
Ninety-six pregnant women were examined at 8-10 weeks (pregnancy diagnosis, baseline), 21-23 weeks and 34-36 weeks of gestation and at 40 days postpartum to record plaque scores, clinically assessed gingival inflammation and probing depth (mean depth and % sites with depth >3 mm). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Type 1 (α) error was established at 0.05.
Plaque Index increased (p = 0.043) throughout pregnancy (baseline, 42%±0.18); 21-23 weeks, 42.6%±0.14; 34-36 weeks, 45.6%±0.13 and decreased postpartum (44.8%±0-13). Gingival Index increased (p<0.001) throughout pregnancy (baseline, 56.7%±0.20; 21-23 weeks, 66.36%±0.17; 34-36 weeks, 74.5%±0.18) and decreased postpartum (59.3%±0.21). Probing Depth increased (p<0.001) throughout pregnancy (baseline, 2.51±0.05; 21-23 weeks, 2.63±0.053; 34-36 weeks 2.81±0.055) and decreased postpartum (2.54±0.049). Percentage of sites with Probing Depth >3 mm increased (p<0.001) throughout pregnancy (baseline, 17.6%±0.16; 21-23 weeks, 23.9%±0.17; 34-36 weeks, 31.1%±0.17) and decreased postpartum (21.2%±0.17) but remained significantly (p<0.02) higher than at baseline.
Periodontal status deteriorates during gestation but improves postpartum.
不同研究已证实牙周疾病与低体重儿分娩之间存在关联。因此，了解孕期和产后的牙周状况对于降低这两种疾病的风险至关重要。本研究旨在分析患有初始牙周病变的女性在孕期连续阶段及产后3 - 6周时的牙周状况。
对96名孕妇在妊娠8 - 10周（妊娠诊断，基线）、21 - 23周、34 - 36周以及产后40天时进行检查，记录菌斑评分、临床评估的牙龈炎症及探诊深度（平均深度以及深度>3 mm的位点百分比）。进行了双变量和多变量分析。设定Ⅰ型（α）错误为0.05。
菌斑指数在整个孕期升高（p = 0.043）（基线时为42%±0.18；21 - 23周时为42.6%±0.14；34 - 36周时为45.6%±0.13），产后降低（44.8%±0.13）。牙龈指数在整个孕期升高（p<0.001）（基线时为56.7%±0.20；21 - 23周时为66.36%±0.17；34 - 36周时为74.5%±0.18），产后降低（59.3%±0.21）。探诊深度在整个孕期升高（p<0.001）（基线时为2.51±0.05；21 - 23周时为2.63±0.053；34 - 36周时为2.81±0.055），产后降低（2.54±0.049）。探诊深度>3 mm的位点百分比在整个孕期升高（p<0.001）（基线时为17.6%±0.16；21 - 23周时为23.9%±0.17；34 - 36周时为31.1%±0.17），产后降低（21.2%±0.17），但仍显著高于基线水平（p<0.02）。
牙周状况在孕期恶化，但产后改善。
