El-Newary Samah A, Shaffie Nermeen M, Omer E A
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Division, National Research Center, El-Bouhoths St. Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
Pathology Department, Medical Researches Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2017 Apr;10(4):361-371. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.023. Epub 2017 Apr 6.
To investigate the protective effect of Thymus vulgaris (T. vulgaris) leaves 70% alcoholic extract against alcohol-mediate hepatotoxicity rats.
The protective effect of T. vulgaris extract was investigated at dose of 500 mg/kg/day (as 0.1 of LD) orally against alcohol-mediate hepatotoxicity using adult male Wister albino rats during 21 days. Protective effect of T. vulgaris extract was evaluated comparing with silymarin standard drug at recommended dose (25 mg/kg/day) orally for 21 days. Serum liver and kidney functions, serum lipid profile, liver antioxidant enzymes activities, liver glutathione concentration (GSH), liver oxidative parameters and histopathological study of liver and kidney were estimated to find out protective effect of T. vulgaris extract.
Alcohol-mediate hepatotoxicity rats (alcohol-control) showed hepatocytes distortion represented as marked increment on liver biomarkers; alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities, as well as pronounced reduction on total protein and its fractions albumin and globulin production corresponding to normal ranges. Oxidative stress status was appeared on alcohol-control evident as significant depletion on GSH concentration, antioxidant enzymes activities; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione- S- transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) recorded significant dwindling, concurrence with significant augmentation on oxidative stress parameters; malondyaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) concentrations with respect to normal values. Serum lipid profile was affected by alcohol administration, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly reduced, meanwhile high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was raised comparing to normal ranges. Co-administration of T. vulgaris extract with alcohol showed protective effect on hepatocytes manifested as remarkable minimizing on ALP, AST and ALT activities and marked increment on total protein, albumin and globulin production compared to alcohol-control. Amelioration was achieved on oxidative stress status on rats co-administrated T. vulgaris extract with alcohol. Accordingly, antioxidant enzymes activities; CAT, SOD, GR, GST and GPx were significantly magnified, while oxidative stress parameters; MDA and HO concentration were significantly lessened corresponding to alcohol-control. Also, lipid profile was markedly improved and risk ratio was lowered by T. vulgaris extract co-administrated in comparison with alcohol-control. All these obvious results were confirmed by histopathological examination, which illustrated that extract showed normalization of degenerated and fibrotic liver tissue as of alcohol-control.
T. vulgaris extract protected hepatocytes from damaging by alcohol reflecting improvement on liver performance and inhibition of oxidative stress status of liver. T. vulgaris extract appeared hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities on alcohol-mediate hepatotoxicity rats compared to silymarin.
研究百里香叶70%乙醇提取物对酒精介导的大鼠肝毒性的保护作用。
采用成年雄性Wistar白化大鼠，以500 mg/kg/天（为半数致死量的0.1）的剂量口服百里香提取物，持续21天，研究其对酒精介导的肝毒性的保护作用。将百里香提取物的保护作用与水飞蓟素标准药物（推荐剂量为25 mg/kg/天，口服21天）进行比较评估。检测血清肝肾功能、血清脂质谱、肝脏抗氧化酶活性、肝脏谷胱甘肽浓度（GSH）、肝脏氧化参数，并对肝脏和肾脏进行组织病理学研究，以确定百里香提取物的保护作用。
酒精介导的肝毒性大鼠（酒精对照组）出现肝细胞变形，表现为肝脏生物标志物显著升高；碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）活性升高，同时总蛋白及其组分白蛋白和球蛋白的产生明显减少，与正常范围相对应。酒精对照组出现氧化应激状态，表现为GSH浓度、抗氧化酶活性显著降低；过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）显著减少，同时氧化应激参数显著增加；丙二醛（MDA）和过氧化氢（HO）浓度相对于正常值升高。酒精给药影响血清脂质谱，总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）显著降低，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）与正常范围相比升高。百里香提取物与酒精联合给药对肝细胞具有保护作用，表现为与酒精对照组相比，ALP、AST和ALT活性显著降低，总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白产生显著增加。与酒精联合给药的大鼠氧化应激状态得到改善。因此，抗氧化酶活性；CAT、SOD、GR、GST和GPx显著增强，而氧化应激参数；MDA和HO浓度与酒精对照组相比显著降低。此外，与酒精对照组相比，百里香提取物联合给药显著改善了脂质谱并降低了风险比。所有这些明显的结果均通过组织病理学检查得到证实，该检查表明提取物使酒精对照组退化和纤维化的肝组织恢复正常。
百里香提取物可保护肝细胞免受酒精损伤，反映出肝脏性能的改善和肝脏氧化应激状态的抑制。与水飞蓟素相比，百里香提取物对酒精介导的肝毒性大鼠具有保肝、降血脂和抗氧化活性。
