Aghaizu Nozie D, Kruczek Kamil, Gonzalez-Cordero Anai, Ali Robin R, Pearson Rachael A
UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
Prog Brain Res. 2017;231:191-223. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Age-related macular degeneration and inherited retinal degenerations represent the leading causes of blindness in industrialized countries. Despite different initiating causes, they share a common final pathophysiology, the loss of the light sensitive photoreceptors. Replacement by transplantation may offer a potential treatment strategy for both patient populations. The last decade has seen remarkable progress in our ability to generate retinal cell types, including photoreceptors, from a variety of murine and human pluripotent stem cell sources. Driven in large part by the requirement for renewable cell sources, stem cells have emerged not only as a promising source of replacement photoreceptors but also to provide in vitro systems with which to study retinal development and disease processes and to test therapeutic agents.
年龄相关性黄斑变性和遗传性视网膜变性是工业化国家失明的主要原因。尽管引发原因不同，但它们具有共同的最终病理生理学特征，即光敏感光感受器的丧失。通过移植进行替代可能为这两类患者群体提供一种潜在的治疗策略。在过去十年中，我们从多种小鼠和人类多能干细胞来源生成包括光感受器在内的视网膜细胞类型的能力取得了显著进展。很大程度上受可再生细胞来源需求的驱动，干细胞不仅已成为替代光感受器的有希望的来源，还能提供用于研究视网膜发育和疾病过程以及测试治疗药物的体外系统。
