Longo-Silva Giovana, Silveira Jonas Augusto C, Menezes Rísia Cristina Egito de, Toloni Maysa Helena de Aguiar
Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Faculdade de Nutrição (FANUT), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Faculdade de Nutrição (FANUT), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2017 Sep-Oct;93(5):508-516. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.11.015. Epub 2017 May 29.
To identify the age of introduction of ultra-processed food and its associated factors among preschool children.
Cross-sectional study carried out from March to June 2014 with 359 preschool children aged 17 to 63 months attending day-care centers. Time until ultra-processed food introduction (outcome variable) was described by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the log-rank test was used to compare the survival functions of independent variables. Factors associated with ultra-processed food introduction were investigated using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. The results were shown as hazard ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals.
The median time until ultra-processed food introduction was six months. Between the 3rd and 6th months, there is a significant increase in the probability of introducing ultra-processed food in the children's diet; and while the probability in the 3rd month varies from 0.15 to 0.25, at six months the variation ranges from 0.6 to 1.0. The final Cox proportional hazards model showed that unplanned pregnancy (1.32 [1.05-1.65]), absence of prenatal care (2.50 [1.02-6.16]), and income >2 minimum wages (1, 50 [1.09-2.06]) were independent risk factors for the introduction of ultra-processed food.
Up to the 6th month of life, approximately 75% of preschool children had received one or more ultra-processed food in their diet. In addition, it was observed that the poorest families, as well as unfavorable prenatal factors, were associated with early introduction of ultra-processed food.
确定学前儿童引入超加工食品的年龄及其相关因素。
2014年3月至6月对359名年龄在17至63个月的日托中心学前儿童进行横断面研究。采用Kaplan-Meier分析描述引入超加工食品的时间（结局变量），并使用对数秩检验比较自变量的生存函数。使用多变量Cox比例风险模型研究与引入超加工食品相关的因素。结果以风险比及其各自的95%置信区间表示。
引入超加工食品的中位时间为6个月。在第3个月至第6个月之间，儿童饮食中引入超加工食品的概率显著增加；第3个月时概率在0.15至0.25之间变化，而在6个月时变化范围为0.6至1.0。最终的Cox比例风险模型显示，意外怀孕（1.32[1.05-1.65]）、未进行产前检查（2.50[1.02-6.16]）和收入>2个最低工资标准（1.50[1.09-2.06]）是引入超加工食品的独立危险因素。
在生命的第6个月之前，约75%的学前儿童在饮食中摄入了一种或多种超加工食品。此外，观察到最贫困家庭以及不利的产前因素与超加工食品的早期引入有关。
