正念可降低对食物线索的反应性：潜在机制及在日常生活中的应用。
Mindfulness Reduces Reactivity to Food Cues: Underlying Mechanisms and Applications in Daily Life.
作者信息
Keesman Mike, Aarts Henk, Häfner Michael, Papies Esther K
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3854CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Communication Psychology, Berlin University of the Arts, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
Curr Addict Rep. 2017;4(2):151-157. doi: 10.1007/s40429-017-0134-2. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Mindfulness-based interventions are becoming increasingly popular as a means to facilitate healthy eating. We suggest that the decentering component of mindfulness, which is the metacognitive insight that all experiences are impermanent, plays an especially important role in such interventions. To facilitate the application of decentering, we address its psychological mechanism to reduce reactivity to food cues, proposing that it makes thoughts and simulations in response to food cues less compelling. We discuss supporting evidence, applications, and challenges for future research.
RECENT FINDINGS
Experimental and correlational studies consistently find that the adoption of a decentering perspective reduces subjective cravings, physiological reactivity such as salivation, and unhealthy eating.
SUMMARY
We suggest that the decentering perspective can be adopted in any situation to reduce reactivity to food cues. Considering people's high exposure to food temptations in daily life, this makes it a powerful tool to empower people to eat healthily.
综述目的
基于正念的干预措施作为促进健康饮食的一种手段正变得越来越流行。我们认为，正念的去中心化成分，即所有体验都是无常的这种元认知洞察，在这类干预中起着尤为重要的作用。为促进去中心化的应用，我们阐述了其降低对食物线索反应性的心理机制，提出它会使对食物线索做出反应的思维和模拟变得不那么有说服力。我们讨论了支持证据、应用以及未来研究面临的挑战。
最新发现
实验研究和相关性研究一致发现，采用去中心化视角可减少主观渴望、唾液分泌等生理反应以及不健康饮食。
总结
我们认为，在任何情况下都可采用去中心化视角来降低对食物线索的反应性。鉴于人们在日常生活中极易受到食物诱惑，这使其成为助力人们健康饮食的有力工具。
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