Wang Tong-Hong, Hsia Shih-Min, Shih Yin-Hwa, Shieh Tzong-Ming
Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan.
Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jun 6;18(6):1210. doi: 10.3390/ijms18061210.
Numerous environmental factors such as diet, alcohol use, stress, and environmental chemicals are known to elicit epigenetic changes, leading to increased rates of cancers and other diseases. The incidence of head and neck cancer, one of the most common cancers in Taiwanese males, is increasing: oral cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma are ranked fourth and tenth respectively, among the top ten cancers in this group, and a major cause of cancer-related deaths in Taiwanese males. Previous studies have identified smoking, alcohol use, and betel quid chewing as the three major causes of head and neck cancers; these three social habits are commonly observed in Taiwanese males, resulting in an increasing morbidity rate of head and neck cancers in this population. In this literature review, we discuss the association between specific components of betel quid, alcohol, and tobacco, and the occurrence of head and neck cancers, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, and urethral cancer. We focus on regulatory mechanisms at the epigenetic level and their oncogenic effects. The review further discusses the application of FDA-approved epigenetic drugs as therapeutic strategies against cancer.
已知许多环境因素，如饮食、饮酒、压力和环境化学物质，会引发表观遗传变化，导致癌症和其他疾病的发病率上升。头颈癌是台湾男性中最常见的癌症之一，其发病率正在上升：口腔癌和鼻咽癌分别位列该群体十大癌症中的第四位和第十位，是台湾男性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。先前的研究已确定吸烟、饮酒和嚼槟榔是头颈癌的三大主要病因；这三种社会习惯在台湾男性中普遍存在，导致该人群头颈癌的发病率不断上升。在这篇文献综述中，我们讨论了槟榔、酒精和烟草的特定成分与头颈癌、肺癌、胃肠道癌和尿道癌发生之间的关联。我们关注表观遗传水平的调控机制及其致癌作用。该综述还讨论了美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的表观遗传药物作为抗癌治疗策略的应用。
