Stojanovska Lily, Naemiratch Bhensri, Apostolopoulos Vasso
Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, PO Box 14428, Melbourne VIC 8001.
Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, PO Box 14428, Melbourne VIC 8001 Australia.
Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki). 2017 Mar 1;38(1):15-24. doi: 10.1515/prilozi-2017-0002.
To explore the perspectives of nutritional therapy and dietician practitioners, undergraduate students and academics working with people with type 2 diabetes and who are from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds.
A qualitative study design of in-depth semi-structured one-on-one interviews with a total of 24 participants (8 practitioners, 8 students and 8 academics) in the fields of nutritional therapy and dietetics. Open-ended questions focused on the perspectives and experiences (learning, practice and teaching) of working with people of CALD backgrounds who have type 2 diabetes. All interviews were recorded for thematic and textual analysis.
Inter-related themes which were confirmed with investigator triangulation were the understanding of (i) the concepts of culture and diversity, (ii) the concepts and influences of health, diabetes and food across cultures, (iii) influences within and across cultures and (iv) systems and resourcing. Overarching perspectives across these themes suggested frustration in having sufficient capacity to assess comprehensively, to deliver effective, comprehensive and high quality management plans, and to achieve required health behavioural changes with people from different CALD backgrounds.
There's a need for improvements in the undergraduate education and training and in professional development programs; training and resourcing of interpreters in delivery of health-related information and working with health professionals; for focus on culturally appropriate management plans that involve consultation with key decision makers in families and communities; and, reviews of the systems for supporting and resourcing nutritional therapists and dieticians in professional development from undergraduate to practice levels.
探讨营养治疗师和营养师从业者、本科学生以及从事2型糖尿病患者工作且来自文化和语言背景多元（CALD）的学者的观点。
采用定性研究设计，对营养治疗和饮食学领域的24名参与者（8名从业者、8名学生和8名学者）进行深入的半结构化一对一访谈。开放式问题聚焦于与患有2型糖尿病的CALD背景人群合作的观点和经验（学习、实践和教学）。所有访谈均进行录音，以进行主题和文本分析。
经研究者三角互证确认的相互关联的主题包括：（i）对文化和多样性概念的理解；（ii）跨文化的健康、糖尿病和食物概念及影响；（iii）文化内部和跨文化的影响；（iv）系统和资源。这些主题的总体观点表明，在有足够能力全面评估、提供有效、全面和高质量的管理计划以及促使来自不同CALD背景的人实现所需的健康行为改变方面存在挫折感。
本科教育与培训以及专业发展项目需要改进；在提供与健康相关信息以及与卫生专业人员合作方面，需要对翻译人员进行培训并提供资源；需要关注制定适合文化背景的管理计划，其中包括与家庭和社区的关键决策者进行协商；此外，并需要对从本科到实践层面支持营养治疗师和营养师专业发展的系统进行审查。
