Hughes Katherine C, Gao Xiang, Kim Iris Y, Wang Molin, Weisskopf Marc G, Schwarzschild Michael A, Ascherio Alberto
From the Departments of Epidemiology (K.C.H., I.Y.K., M.W., M.G.W., A.A.), Nutrition (K.C.H., A.A.), Biostatistics (M.W.), and Environmental Health (M.G.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Nutritional Health (X.G.), Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Channing Laboratory (M.W., A.A.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; and MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease (M.A.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
Neurology. 2017 Jul 4;89(1):46-52. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004057. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
To prospectively examine the association between commonly consumed dairy products and the risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in women and men.
Analyses were based on data from 2 large prospective cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Study (n = 80,736) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (n = 48,610), with a total of 26 and 24 years of follow-up, respectively. Both US-based studies were conducted via mailed biennial questionnaires. Dietary intake was assessed with food frequency questionnaires administered repeatedly over the follow-up period. Incident cases of PD (n = 1,036) were identified via questionnaires and subsequently confirmed by reviewing medical records. We also conducted a meta-analysis to combine our study with 3 previously published prospective studies on total milk intake and PD risk and 1 study on total dairy intake and PD risk.
While total dairy intake was not significantly associated with PD risk in our cohorts, intake of low-fat dairy foods was associated with PD risk. The pooled, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) comparing people who consumed at least 3 servings of low-fat dairy per day to those who consumed none was 1.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.79, trend = 0.04). This association appeared to be driven by an increased risk of PD associated with skim and low-fat milk (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.12-1.73, trend <0.01). Results were similar in women and men ( for heterogeneity >0.05). In the meta-analysis, the pooled relative risk comparing extreme categories of total milk intake was 1.56 (95% CI 1.30-1.88), and the association between total dairy and PD became significant (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.55).
Frequent consumption of dairy products appears to be associated with a modest increased risk of PD in women and men.
前瞻性研究常见乳制品消费与男性和女性帕金森病（PD）风险之间的关联。
分析基于两项大型前瞻性队列研究的数据，即护士健康研究（n = 80,736）和卫生专业人员随访研究（n = 48,610），随访时间分别为26年和24年。这两项基于美国的研究均通过每两年邮寄一次问卷进行。在随访期间多次使用食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。通过问卷确定PD的发病病例（n = 1,036），随后通过查阅病历进行确认。我们还进行了一项荟萃分析，将我们的研究与之前发表的3项关于总牛奶摄入量与PD风险的前瞻性研究以及1项关于总乳制品摄入量与PD风险的研究相结合。
虽然在我们的队列中，总乳制品摄入量与PD风险无显著关联，但低脂乳制品的摄入量与PD风险相关。将每天至少食用3份低脂乳制品的人与不食用者进行比较，汇总的多变量调整风险比（HR）为1.34（95%置信区间[CI] 1.01 - 1.79，趋势 = 0.04）。这种关联似乎是由与脱脂牛奶和低脂牛奶相关的PD风险增加所驱动（HR 1.39，95% CI 1.12 - 1.73，趋势<0.01）。男性和女性的结果相似（异质性>0.05）。在荟萃分析中，比较总牛奶摄入量极端类别的汇总相对风险为1.56（95% CI 1.30 - 1.88），总乳制品与PD之间的关联变得显著（HR 1.27，95% CI 1.04 - 1.55）。
经常食用乳制品似乎与男性和女性患PD的风险适度增加有关。
