Ciurana Moñino María R, Rosset-Llobet Jaume, Cibanal Juan Luis, García Manzanares María D, Ramos-Pichardo Juan D
Department of Polyphonic Instruments, Conservatory of Music of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
Dep. of Nursing, University of Alicante, Apdo. de Correos 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain. Tel +34 965903400, fax +34 965903516.
Med Probl Perform Art. 2017 Jun;32(2):118-122. doi: 10.21091/mppa.2017.2019.
Professional musical performance requires static postures and repetitive movements that may cause musculoskeletal problems in performers. Elite pianists are especially at risk for these disorders, which may cause discomfort but also affect their work. The objective of this study was to describe the most frequent musculoskeletal problems observed in pianists, and to explore the influence of these disorders on their professional activities from the perspective of the pianists themselves.
Musculoskeletal problems were defined in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), and an analysis was conducted of medical records of 183 professional pianists held by a performing arts clinic (Terrassa, Spain). In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 pianists (6 students, 12 teachers, and 2 performers), followed by content analysis of the transcripts to explore musicians' perceptions.
We identified a total of 20 different problems, which principally involved the upper body (arms and back). Regardless of occupation or age, all respondents reported having musculoskeletal problems and that these impacted on their professional activity. Interviewees also identified a lack of support or advice on how to prevent these problems.
Musculoskeletal problems, principally those involving the upper body, are very common among pianists and affect their professional activity. It is necessary to include risk prevention information starting in the early stages of musicians' training programs.
专业音乐表演需要静态姿势和重复性动作，这可能会给表演者带来肌肉骨骼问题。精英钢琴家尤其容易患上这些疾病，这些疾病不仅可能导致不适，还会影响他们的工作。本研究的目的是描述钢琴家最常见的肌肉骨骼问题，并从钢琴家自身的角度探讨这些疾病对其专业活动的影响。
根据国际疾病分类（ICD-10）定义肌肉骨骼问题，并对一家表演艺术诊所（西班牙特拉萨）保存的183名专业钢琴家的病历进行分析。此外，还对20名钢琴家（6名学生、12名教师和2名表演者）进行了深入访谈，随后对访谈记录进行内容分析，以探究音乐家的看法。
我们共识别出20种不同的问题，主要涉及上半身（手臂和背部）。无论职业或年龄，所有受访者均表示有肌肉骨骼问题，且这些问题影响了他们的专业活动。受访者还指出，在如何预防这些问题方面缺乏支持或建议。
肌肉骨骼问题，主要是涉及上半身的问题，在钢琴家中非常普遍，并影响他们的专业活动。有必要在音乐家培训项目的早期阶段就纳入风险预防信息。
