Maheri Aghbabak, Asnaashari Maryam, Joveini Hamid, Tol Azar, Firouzian Ali Asghar, Rohban Alireza
Ph.D. Candidate in Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
M.Sc. in Health Education Faculty of Public Health, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.
Electron Physician. 2017 Apr 25;9(4):4207-4214. doi: 10.19082/4207. eCollection 2017 Apr.
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases that is now widely spread around the world, and day by day the number of patients is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of educational intervention on physical activity, nutrition and laboratory parameters in type 2 diabetic patients.
This semi-experimental study was performed from March to October 2015 on 100 patients with type 2 diabetes who referred to the Niknejad health center. The type of sampling was simple random. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic questions, assessment of nutritional status and physical activity, history of diabetes, physical measurements and laboratory parameters of patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16, and descriptive and analytical tests (paired-samples t-test) and the results were significant at the level of (p<0.05).
In present study, body measurements, the mean number of units of fruit and vegetable intake per day, type of oil consumption, the mean number of days of fish intake per week or the mean number of days with intense physical activity per week, had no significant difference before and after the intervention, while the variables of FBS level (p<0.003), rate of HbA (p<0.027), the mean number of days of fruit intake (p<0.001) and vegetable intake (p<0.037) per week and the mean number of days with moderate physical activity (p<0.03) of patients, had significant difference before and after the intervention.
According to the findings of this study, to improve BMI, fish intake, type of oil consumption and also increased daily fruit and vegetable intake in these patients, a variety of educational-supportive interventions are recommended.
糖尿病是世界范围内广泛传播的最常见慢性病之一，患者数量日益增加。本研究的目的是确定教育干预对2型糖尿病患者身体活动、营养和实验室参数的影响。
本半实验性研究于2015年3月至10月对转诊至尼克内贾德健康中心的100例2型糖尿病患者进行。抽样类型为简单随机抽样。使用问卷收集数据，问卷包括人口统计学问题、营养状况和身体活动评估、糖尿病病史、患者的身体测量和实验室参数。使用SPSS 16对数据进行分析，采用描述性和分析性检验（配对样本t检验），结果在（p<0.05）水平上具有显著性。
在本研究中，身体测量、每天水果和蔬菜摄入的平均单位数、食用油消费类型、每周鱼类摄入的平均天数或每周剧烈身体活动的平均天数，干预前后无显著差异，而患者的空腹血糖水平（p<0.003）、糖化血红蛋白率（p<0.027）、每周水果摄入（p<0.001）和蔬菜摄入（p<0.037）的平均天数以及中度身体活动的平均天数（p<0.03），干预前后有显著差异。
根据本研究结果，为改善这些患者的体重指数、鱼类摄入、食用油消费类型以及增加每日水果和蔬菜摄入量，建议采取多种教育支持性干预措施。
