Hammer Anne Sofie, Andresen Lars, Aalbæk Bent, Damborg Peter, Weiss Vilhelm, Christiansen Mette Line, Selsing Søren, Bahl Martin Iain
University of Copenhagen, Institute of Veterinary Disease Biology, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
University of Copenhagen, Institute of Veterinary Disease Biology, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Vet Microbiol. 2017 May;203:229-233. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.03.017. Epub 2017 Mar 18.
Disease in mink clinically characterized by abortion and increased mortality among pregnant female mink on 28 Danish farms was observed during April and May 2015. Most of these farms suffered extensive disease problems, including a significant increase in the number of mated females without litters. Pathological, microbiological and molecular biological methods were applied to investigate the cause of disease. Necropsies of animals found dead revealed fragile and partially dissolved (liquefying) uterine tissue, with the presence of Gram positive rod-shaped bacteria. These slow growing bacteria were isolated by anaerobic culturing and identified as Clostridium limosum by both MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. All the performed tests for relevant differential diagnoses were negative. Foodborne disease was indicated because all the affected farms were served by the same feed factory. A specific PCR-based analysis was developed for positive identification of C. limosum and used to screen archived feed samples from the implicated feed factory. Both C. limosum 16S rRNA genes and C. limosum collagenase genes were identified in both mixed feed and more specifically in raw chicken carcass used as one of the components in the mixed feed, which was therefore identified as the most likely source of contamination. Based on the results of this investigation it is concluded that C. limosum can be associated with abortion and increased mortality in pregnant mink females and it is consequently recommended that raw materials contaminated with C. limosum should be avoided in mink feed, in particular during the whelping season.
2015年4月至5月期间，在丹麦的28个农场中观察到水貂疾病，其临床特征为怀孕母水貂流产和死亡率增加。这些农场中的大多数都遭受了广泛的疾病问题，包括未产仔的交配母水貂数量显著增加。应用病理学、微生物学和分子生物学方法来调查疾病原因。对死亡动物进行尸检发现子宫组织脆弱且部分溶解（液化），存在革兰氏阳性杆状细菌。通过厌氧培养分离出这些生长缓慢的细菌，并通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析和16S rRNA基因测序鉴定为黏液梭菌。所有相关鉴别诊断的检测结果均为阴性。由于所有受影响的农场都由同一家饲料厂供应饲料，因此表明是食源性疾病。开发了一种基于特异性PCR的分析方法用于黏液梭菌的阳性鉴定，并用于筛查来自涉案饲料厂的存档饲料样本。在混合饲料中，更具体地说是在用作混合饲料成分之一的生鸡胴体中，均鉴定出了黏液梭菌16S rRNA基因和黏液梭菌胶原酶基因，因此确定其为最可能的污染源。根据这项调查结果得出结论，黏液梭菌可能与怀孕母水貂的流产和死亡率增加有关，因此建议在水貂饲料中避免使用受黏液梭菌污染的原材料，尤其是在产仔季节。
