Jensen V F, Sommer H M, Struve T, Clausen J, Chriél M
National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Egelundsvej 204, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Statistics and Data Analysis, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Building 324, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Prev Vet Med. 2017 Aug 1;143:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.04.012. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
Feed quality is generally assumed to affect health status in animal production. In previous studies, the feed producer has been found to affect the occurrence of gastrointestinal disease and antimicrobial use in Mink (Neovison vison). Mink are fed with moist, freshly produced feed, based on perishable ingredients. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential effect of specific feed parameters on antimicrobial use on herd level. The study was cross-sectional, including 1472 mink herds, responsible for 97% of oral antimicrobials prescribed for Danish mink during the study period, 2012-2014. Data were obtained from the national veterinary prescription database (VetStat), Kopenhagen Fur database, and the Voluntary Feed Control (Mink producers Organization). All feed batches subject to feed control were included. A multi-variable variance analysis was carried out analysing the effect of the feed parameters total volatile nitrogen, dry matter, crude protein and fat; total bacterial count (21°C), and counts of sulphite producing bacteria (21°C), Clostridium spp., faecal cocci (FC) (44°C), yeast, and mould; presence of Salmonella spp. and Clostridium perfringens (dichotome). Three outcome variables were applied: prescription of oral antimicrobial on herd level within time slots of 3, 5 or 7days after feeding of an included batch. Two binomial models were developed, adjusting for significant effects (p<0.0001) of Ps. aeruginosa infection, herd size, month (season) and year. Antimicrobial prescription was significantly (p<0.0001) associated with FC (all time slots, both models). A negative association (p<0.0001) with crude protein on antimicrobial prescription within a 7day slot suggested an association between low content of crude protein and antimicrobial use. The associations need to be confirmed in controlled studies, and ideally, potential causalities should be investigated. The perspective of such findings could be the development of tests for control of feed ingredients prior to use in the feed production.
一般认为饲料质量会影响动物生产中的健康状况。在以往的研究中，已发现饲料生产商对水貂（Neovison vison）胃肠道疾病的发生和抗菌药物的使用有影响。水貂食用的是基于易腐原料的新鲜湿饲料。本研究的目的是调查特定饲料参数对畜群水平上抗菌药物使用的潜在影响。该研究为横断面研究，包括1472个水貂养殖场，在2012 - 2014年研究期间，这些养殖场负责丹麦水貂口服抗菌药物处方量的97%。数据来自国家兽医处方数据库（VetStat）、哥本哈根皮草数据库和自愿饲料控制（水貂生产商组织）。所有接受饲料控制的饲料批次均被纳入。进行了多变量方差分析，分析饲料参数总挥发性氮、干物质、粗蛋白和脂肪；总细菌数（21°C）、产亚硫酸盐细菌数（21°C）、梭菌属、粪球菌（FC）（44°C）、酵母和霉菌；沙门氏菌属和产气荚膜梭菌（二分变量）的影响。应用了三个结果变量：在投喂所纳入批次饲料后3天、5天或7天时间段内畜群水平上口服抗菌药物的处方量。建立了两个二项式模型，对铜绿假单胞菌感染、畜群规模、月份（季节）和年份的显著影响（p<0.0001）进行了校正。抗菌药物处方与FC显著相关（p<0.0001）（所有时间段，两个模型均如此）。在7天时间段内，粗蛋白与抗菌药物处方呈负相关（p<0.0001），这表明粗蛋白含量低与抗菌药物使用之间存在关联。这些关联需要在对照研究中得到证实，理想情况下，应调查潜在的因果关系。这些发现的意义可能在于开发在饲料生产中使用前控制饲料成分的检测方法。
