Sharifzadeh Fatemeh, Kashanian Maryam, Koohpayehzadeh Jalil, Rezaian Fatemeh, Sheikhansari Narges, Eshraghi Nooshin
a Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology , Iran University of Medical Sciences, Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital , Tehran , Iran.
b Department of Community Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Public Health Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Oct;31(19):2509-2514. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1344965. Epub 2017 Jul 7.
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) are one of the most common complains of the early pregnancy period and are bothersome for pregnant women. Some prefer to use herbal medicine instead of chemical agents.
The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of ginger, pyridoxine (vitamin B6), and placebo for the treatment of NVP.
The study was performed as a triple blind clinical trial on pregnant women suffering mild to moderate NVP between 6 and 16 weeks of pregnancy. In these women ginger, 500 mg twice daily, vitamin B6 40 mg twice daily and placebo twice daily were administered for 4 d. Rhodes questionnaire was used for evaluation of the severity of symptoms. The severity of NVP was evaluated 24 h before entering the study and up to 4 d after using medications and results were compared among the three groups.
Seventy-seven women finished the study (28 in the Ginger group, 26 in the B6 group, and 23 in the placebo group). The women of the three groups did not have significant differences according to age, gestational age, parity, and severity of each symptom before treatment and educational status. Total score of Rhodes questionnaire for nausea was decreased significantly in three groups after treatment. (p < .001, p = .012, and p = .03 for ginger, vitamin B6, and placebo, respectively.) Also total score of Rhodes questionnaire for vomiting was decreased in three groups (p = .03 for ginger, p = .02 for B6, and p = .04 for placebo). Ginger and vitamin B6 could reduce the severity of all items of Rhodes questionnaire significantly; however, placebo was significantly effective only on the frequency of nausea, intensity of vomiting and frequency of retching. Ginger and vitamin B6 were more effective than placebo (p = .039 and p = .007, respectively); however, total score of Rhodes did not show significant difference between ginger and vitamin B6 (p = .128). Ginger was more effective for nausea (intensity and distress) and distress of vomit.
Ginger is more effective than placebo for the treatment of mild to moderate NVP and is comparable with vitamin B6. Trial registration number and registry website: IRCT2015020320923N1.
妊娠恶心呕吐（NVP）是孕早期最常见的不适之一，给孕妇带来困扰。一些孕妇更倾向于使用草药而非化学药剂。
本研究旨在比较生姜、吡哆醇（维生素B6）和安慰剂治疗NVP的效果。
本研究作为一项三盲临床试验，对妊娠6至16周、患有轻至中度NVP的孕妇进行。这些孕妇分别服用生姜（每日两次，每次500毫克）、维生素B6（每日两次，每次40毫克）和安慰剂（每日两次），为期4天。采用罗兹问卷评估症状严重程度。在进入研究前24小时以及用药后长达4天对NVP严重程度进行评估，并比较三组结果。
77名女性完成了研究（生姜组28名，B6组26名，安慰剂组23名）。三组女性在治疗前的年龄、孕周、产次、各症状严重程度及教育程度方面无显著差异。治疗后，三组罗兹问卷恶心总分均显著降低（生姜组p <.001，维生素B6组p =.012，安慰剂组p =.03）。三组罗兹问卷呕吐总分也均降低（生姜组p =.03，B6组p =.02，安慰剂组p =.04）。生姜和维生素B6能显著降低罗兹问卷所有项目的严重程度；然而，安慰剂仅对恶心频率、呕吐强度和干呕频率有显著效果。生姜和维生素B6比安慰剂更有效（分别为p =.039和p =.007）；然而，罗兹问卷总分在生姜和维生素B6之间无显著差异（p =.128）。生姜对恶心（强度和困扰）及呕吐困扰更有效。
生姜治疗轻至中度NVP比安慰剂更有效，且与维生素B6效果相当。试验注册号及注册网站：IRCT2015020320923N1。
