Hüttenhofer Alexander, Mayer Gert
Division of Genomics and RNomics, Biocenter Innsbruck, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Clin Kidney J. 2017 Feb;10(1):27-29. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfw075. Epub 2016 Aug 23.
Interest in microRNAs (miRNAs) has dramatically increased in recent years not only because they regulate mRNA expression, and thus many physiological or pathophysiological processes, but also because they could serve as biomarkers. Next to analysis of tissue miRNA expression, measurement in body fluids such as blood or urine is attractive because miRNA in microvesicles or bound to protein is very stable. Currently it is unclear whether these circulating miRNAs are tissue and disease specific or represent more general pathologies like inflammation. In addition pre-analytical sample handling and variable analysis techniques affect the results and thus much more work needs to be done before one can draw a final conclusion about their clinical utility.
近年来，人们对微小RNA（miRNA）的兴趣急剧增加，这不仅是因为它们可调节mRNA表达，进而调控许多生理或病理生理过程，还因为它们可作为生物标志物。除了分析组织中miRNA的表达外，在血液或尿液等体液中进行检测也颇具吸引力，因为微泡中或与蛋白质结合的miRNA非常稳定。目前尚不清楚这些循环miRNA是组织和疾病特异性的，还是代表更普遍的病理状态，如炎症。此外，分析前的样本处理和多样的分析技术会影响结果，因此在就其临床应用得出最终结论之前，还需要做更多的工作。
