Espitia-Bautista Estefania, Velasco-Ramos Mario, Osnaya-Ramírez Iván, Ángeles-Castellanos Manuel, Buijs Ruud M, Escobar Carolina
Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF 04510, Mexico.
Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF 04510, Mexico; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, 14080, México, DF, Mexico.
Metabolism. 2017 Jul;72:83-93. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.04.006. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Modern lifestyle promotes shifted sleep onset and shifted wake up time between weekdays and weekends, producing a condition termed "social-jet lag." Disrupted sleep promotes increased appetite for carbohydrate and fat-rich food, which in long term leads to overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome. In order to mimic the human situation we produced an experimental model of social-jet lag (Sj-l). With this model, we explored the link between shifted sleep time with consumption of a cafeteria diet (CafD) and the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: The first experiment was designed to create and confirm the model of Sj-l. Rats (n=8-10/group) were exposed to a shifted sleep time protocol achieved by placing the rats in slow rotating wheels from Monday to Friday during the first 4h of the light period, while on weekends they were left undisturbed. The second experiment (n=8-12/group) explored the combined effect of Sj-l with the opportunity to ingest CafD. All protocols lasted 12weeks. We evaluated the development of overweight and indicators of metabolic syndrome. The statistical significance for all variables was set at P<0.05.
Sj-l alone did not affect body weight gain but induced significant changes in cholesterol in metabolic variables representing a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Daily restricted access to CafD in the day or night induced glucose intolerance and only CafD during the day led to overweight. Sj-l combined with CafD induced overconsumption of the diet, potentiated body weight gain (16%) and promoted 5 of the criteria for metabolic syndrome including high insulin and dislipidemia.
Present data provide an experimental model of social-jet lag that combined with overconsumption of CafD, and maximized the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Importantly, access to CafD during the night did not lead to overweight nor metabolic syndrome.
背景/目的：现代生活方式导致工作日和周末的入睡时间和起床时间发生改变，产生了一种被称为“社会时差”的状况。睡眠紊乱会促使对富含碳水化合物和脂肪的食物的食欲增加，长期下来会导致超重、肥胖和代谢综合征。为了模拟人类的情况，我们构建了一个社会时差（Sj-l）的实验模型。利用这个模型，我们探究了睡眠时间改变与自助餐饮食（CafD）摄入之间的联系以及肥胖和代谢综合征的发展。
对象/方法：第一个实验旨在创建并确认Sj-l模型。将大鼠（每组8 - 10只）暴露于改变睡眠时间的方案中，方法是在周一至周五的光照期的前4小时将大鼠置于缓慢旋转的轮子上，而在周末则让它们不受干扰。第二个实验（每组8 - 12只）探究了Sj-l与摄入CafD机会的联合效应。所有方案持续12周。我们评估了超重的发展情况和代谢综合征的指标。所有变量的统计学显著性设定为P<0.05。
单独的Sj-l并不影响体重增加，但在代表代谢综合征风险因素的代谢变量中诱导了胆固醇的显著变化。白天或晚上每天限时获取CafD会导致葡萄糖不耐受，只有白天获取CafD会导致超重。Sj-l与CafD联合导致饮食过度消费，增强了体重增加（16%），并促进了代谢综合征的5项标准，包括高胰岛素和血脂异常。
目前的数据提供了一个社会时差的实验模型，该模型与CafD的过度消费相结合，使肥胖和代谢综合征的发展最大化。重要的是，夜间获取CafD不会导致超重或代谢综合征。
