Luursema Jan-Maarten, Vorstenbosch Marc, Kooloos Jan
Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Anat Res Int. 2017;2017:1493135. doi: 10.1155/2017/1493135. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
A new wave of virtual reality headsets has become available. A potential benefit for the study of human anatomy is the reintroduction of stereopsis and absolute size. We report a randomized controlled trial to assess the contribution of stereopsis to anatomy learning, for students of different visuospatial ability. Sixty-three participants engaged in a one-hour session including a study phase and posttest. One group studied 3D models of the anatomy of the deep neck in full stereoptic virtual reality; one group studied those structures in virtual reality without stereoptic depth. The control group experienced an unrelated virtual reality environment. A post hoc questionnaire explored cognitive load and problem solving strategies of the participants. We found no effect of condition on learning. Visuospatial ability however did impact correct answers at (1) = 5.63 and = .02. No evidence was found for an impact of cognitive load on performance. Possibly, participants were able to solve the posttest items based on visuospatial information contained in the test items themselves. Additionally, the virtual anatomy may have been complex enough to discourage memory based strategies. It is important to control the amount of visuospatial information present in test items.
新一代虚拟现实头戴设备已经面市。对人体解剖学研究而言，一个潜在的好处是重新引入了立体视觉和绝对大小。我们开展了一项随机对照试验，以评估立体视觉对不同视觉空间能力的学生学习解剖学的作用。63名参与者参加了一个为时一小时的课程，包括一个学习阶段和一次后测。一组在全立体视觉虚拟现实环境中学习深层颈部解剖结构的3D模型；一组在没有立体深度的虚拟现实环境中学习这些结构。对照组体验的是一个不相关的虚拟现实环境。一份事后调查问卷探究了参与者的认知负荷和解决问题的策略。我们发现实验条件对学习没有影响。然而，视觉空间能力在p = 0.0563和α = 0.02时确实对正确答案产生了影响。未发现认知负荷对表现有影响的证据。可能是参与者能够根据测试题目本身所包含的视觉空间信息来解答后测题目。此外，虚拟解剖结构可能已经足够复杂，以至于抑制了基于记忆的策略。控制测试题目中呈现的视觉空间信息量很重要。
