Ogunmodede J A, Kolo P M, Katibi I A, Salami A K, Omotoso Abo
Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2017 Jun;20(6):716-723. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.208954.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains one of the most daunting public health challenges today. Cardiac involvement in HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is frequent and has been recognized on autopsy since the emergence of the pandemic. The objective of the study was to assess the pattern of structural echocardiographic (echo) findings in HIV/AIDS patients and compare this to the echo findings in apparently healthy HIV-negative controls.
One hundred and fifty HIV-positive patients were recruited consecutively from the HIV patients attending the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty age- and sex-matched controls were also recruited from the surrounding community. All the individuals had clinical examination, electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (echo) done.
ECG abnormalities were seen in 55.3% of the HIV-positive patients compared with 2.7% of controls (P < 0.001). The overall prevalence of echo abnormalities among the patients was 54%, against 15.3% (P < 0.001) of the controls. All the structural dimensions of the cardiac chambers were significantly greater than the cardiac chamber dimensions in the controls except for left atrial dimension (LAD). When the patients were considered in two groups of those with CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3 than those with CD4 count more than 200 cells/mm3, the structural chamber dimensions were similar between both groups.
Echo is an important tool for detecting cardiac abnormalities in HIV/AIDS patients. There is a high prevalence of echo abnormalities among HIV patients seen in our centre. The HIV infection was associated with increased structural dimensions of cardiac chambers compared with HIV-negative controls. This however did not seem to be related to disease severity as the chamber dimensions were similar between those with CD4 count below and above 200 cells/mm3.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染仍是当今最严峻的公共卫生挑战之一。自该流行病出现以来，尸检中经常发现HIV/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者存在心脏受累情况。本研究的目的是评估HIV/AIDS患者的结构超声心动图（回声）检查结果模式，并将其与表面健康的HIV阴性对照者的回声检查结果进行比较。
从尼日利亚中北部伊洛林大学教学医院就诊的HIV患者中连续招募了150名HIV阳性患者。还从周边社区招募了150名年龄和性别匹配的对照者。所有个体均进行了临床检查、心电图（ECG）和超声心动图（回声）检查。
55.3%的HIV阳性患者出现ECG异常，而对照者中这一比例为2.7%（P<0.001）。患者中回声异常的总体患病率为54%，而对照者为15.3%（P<0.001）。除左心房内径（LAD）外，心脏各腔室的所有结构尺寸均显著大于对照者的心脏腔室尺寸。当将患者分为CD4细胞计数低于200个/mm³的组和高于200个/mm³的组时，两组的心脏腔室结构尺寸相似。
回声检查是检测HIV/AIDS患者心脏异常的重要工具。在我们中心就诊的HIV患者中，回声异常的患病率很高。与HIV阴性对照者相比，HIV感染与心脏腔室结构尺寸增加有关。然而，这似乎与疾病严重程度无关，因为CD4细胞计数低于和高于200个/mm³的患者的腔室尺寸相似。
