Aridi Yasmine S, Walker Jacqueline L, Wright Olivia R L
School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Nutrients. 2017 Jun 28;9(7):674. doi: 10.3390/nu9070674.
The ageing population is accompanied by increased rates of cognitive decline and dementia. Not only does cognitive decline have a profound impact on an individual's health and quality of life, but also on that of their caregivers. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been known to aid in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. It has been recently linked to better cognitive function in the elderly population. The purpose of this review was to compile evidence based data that examined the effect of adherence to the MD on cognitive function and the risk of developing dementia or Alzheimer's disease. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was conducted using four databases and resulted in 31 articles of interest. Cross-sectional studies and cohort studies in the non-Mediterranean region showed mixed results. However, cohort studies in the Mediterranean region and randomized controlled trials showed more cohesive outcomes of the beneficial effect of the MD on cognitive function. Although more standardized and in-depth studies are needed to strengthen the existing body of evidence, results from this review indicate that the Mediterranean diet could play a major role in cognitive health and risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
人口老龄化伴随着认知能力下降和痴呆症发病率的上升。认知能力下降不仅对个人的健康和生活质量有深远影响，对其照顾者的健康和生活质量也有影响。众所周知，地中海饮食有助于降低心血管疾病、癌症和糖尿病的风险。最近，它还与老年人群更好的认知功能有关。本综述的目的是汇编基于证据的数据，以研究坚持地中海饮食对认知功能以及患痴呆症或阿尔茨海默病风险的影响。本综述遵循PRISMA指南，使用四个数据库进行，最终得到31篇相关文章。非地中海地区的横断面研究和队列研究结果不一。然而，地中海地区的队列研究和随机对照试验显示，地中海饮食对认知功能有益的结果更为一致。尽管需要更多标准化和深入的研究来加强现有证据，但本综述的结果表明，地中海饮食可能在认知健康以及阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症风险方面发挥重要作用。
