Nayak Im Nagendra, Chinta Rajasekhar, Jetti Raghu
Professor and HOD, Department of Pharmacology, Mount Zion Medical College, Adoor, Kerala, India.
Senior Grade Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 May;11(5):FC19-FC23. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23910.9864. Epub 2017 May 1.
Atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of disability of blood vessels which can result in development of many cardiovascular disorders. There is a strong association between atherosclerosis and insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.
To study the anti-atherosclerotic potential of bark extract in insulin resistance associated atherosclerosis and worsened Atherogenic Index (AI) associated with dyslipidemia, which are the predominant complications of steroid diabetes in Wistar rats.
A sum of 36 rats were categorized into five study groups and one plain control. In a 12 day study period, respective drug treatments were given every day throughout the study period whereas, dexamethasone dosage was started from day seven onwards. On day 12, fasting blood samples were collected and processed for lipid estimation and the determined values were also used to assess AI further. Animals were sacrificed under ether anaesthesia and the aorta was dissected away for its measurement and histopathological findings. One-way ANOVA was used to analyse the data and multiple comparison was done, interpreted based on Post-Hoc Scheffe test.
High dose of dexamethasone (8 mg/kg/i.p) in Dexa Control (DC) group produced significant dyslipidemia, increased risk of atherogenicity (p<0.05) and caused severe thickening (78.5% compared to Plain Control (PC) of wall of aorta. Rosiglitazone (ROSI) (8 mg/kg and 16 mg/kg) and C. zelanicum (CZE) extract treatments (500 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg) significantly prevented dyslipidemia, well maintained AI compared to dexa control (p<0.05). However, both the CZE treatments protected the aorta from atherosclerosis (40.3% and 30.2% compared to DC) and significantly prevented the dyslipidemia and reduced the risk of atherogenicity compared to ROSI treatment (p<0.05). Although, the CZE did not show difference in significance in maintaining very low density lipoprotein when compared to ROSI (p>0.05). The atherosclerotic changes were completely absent in both the CZE treatments whereas, ROSI treatments did not prevented the atherosclerosis of aorta completely as they showed moderate and mild atherosclerotic changes in the aorta.
The aqueous extract of bark exhibited marked protection against dexamethasone induced atherosclerosis and also minimized the atherogenic risk in Wistar rats.
动脉粥样硬化是血管致残的主要原因之一，可导致多种心血管疾病的发生。动脉粥样硬化与胰岛素抵抗和血脂异常之间存在密切关联。
研究树皮提取物对胰岛素抵抗相关动脉粥样硬化以及与血脂异常相关的致动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）恶化的抗动脉粥样硬化潜力，这些是Wistar大鼠类固醇糖尿病的主要并发症。
将36只大鼠分为五个研究组和一个空白对照组。在为期12天的研究期间，在整个研究期间每天给予相应的药物治疗，而地塞米松剂量从第7天开始。在第12天，采集空腹血样并进行脂质测定，测定值也用于进一步评估AI。在乙醚麻醉下处死动物，解剖主动脉进行测量和组织病理学检查。采用单因素方差分析对数据进行分析，并进行多重比较，根据事后Scheffe检验进行解释。
地塞米松对照组（DC）中高剂量地塞米松（8mg/kg腹腔注射）导致显著的血脂异常，增加动脉粥样硬化风险（p<0.05），并导致主动脉壁严重增厚（与空白对照组（PC）相比增加78.5%）。罗格列酮（ROSI）（8mg/kg和16mg/kg）和泽兰叶提取物（CZE）处理（500mg/kg和250mg/kg）显著预防了血脂异常，与地塞米松对照组相比，AI维持良好（p<0.05）。然而，两种CZE处理均保护主动脉免受动脉粥样硬化影响（与DC相比分别为40.3%和30.2%），与ROSI处理相比，显著预防了血脂异常并降低了动脉粥样硬化风险（p<0.05）。尽管，与ROSI相比，CZE在维持极低密度脂蛋白方面没有显著差异（p>0.05）。两种CZE处理均完全没有动脉粥样硬化改变，而ROSI处理并未完全预防主动脉的动脉粥样硬化，因为它们在主动脉中显示出中度和轻度的动脉粥样硬化改变。
树皮水提取物对Wistar大鼠地塞米松诱导的动脉粥样硬化具有显著保护作用，并将动脉粥样硬化风险降至最低。
