Bo Tao, Shao Shanshan, Wu Dongming, Niu Shaona, Zhao Jiajun, Gao Ling
Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Microbiologyopen. 2017 Aug;6(4). doi: 10.1002/mbo3.491. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
Recent studies performed provide mechanistic insight into effects of the microbiota on cholesterol metabolism, but less focus was given to how cholesterol impacts the gut microbiota. In this study, ApoE Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and their wild-type counterparts (n = 12) were, respectively, allocated for two dietary condition groups (normal chow and high-cholesterol diet). Total 16S rDNA of fecal samples were extracted and sequenced by high-throughput sequencing to determine differences in microbiome composition. Data were collected and performed diversity analysis and phylogenetic analysis. The influence of cholesterol on gut microbiota was discussed by using cholesterol dietary treatment as exogenous cholesterol disorder factor and genetic modification as endogenous metabolic disorder factor. Relative microbial variations were compared to illustrate the causality and correlation of cholesterol and gut microbiota. It turned out comparing to genetically modified rats, exogenous cholesterol intake may play more effective role in changing gut microbiota profile, although the serum cholesterol level of genetically modified rats was even higher. Relative abundance of some representative species showed that the discrepancies due to dietary variation were more obvious, whereas some low abundance species changed because of genetic disorders. Our results partially demonstrated that gut microbiota are relatively more sensitive to dietary variation. Nevertheless, considering the important effect of bacteria in cholesterol metabolism, the influence to gut flora by "genetically caused cholesterol disorder" cannot be overlooked. Manipulation of gut microbiota might be an effective target for preventing cholesterol-related metabolic disorders.
近期开展的研究对微生物群对胆固醇代谢的影响提供了机制上的见解，但对于胆固醇如何影响肠道微生物群的关注较少。在本研究中，将载脂蛋白E斯普拉格-道利（SD）大鼠及其野生型对应物（n = 12）分别分配到两种饮食条件组（正常饲料和高胆固醇饮食）。提取粪便样本的总16S rDNA并通过高通量测序进行测序，以确定微生物组组成的差异。收集数据并进行多样性分析和系统发育分析。以胆固醇饮食治疗作为外源性胆固醇紊乱因素，基因修饰作为内源性代谢紊乱因素，探讨胆固醇对肠道微生物群的影响。比较相对微生物变化以阐明胆固醇与肠道微生物群之间的因果关系和相关性。结果表明，与基因修饰大鼠相比，外源性胆固醇摄入在改变肠道微生物群谱方面可能发挥更有效的作用，尽管基因修饰大鼠的血清胆固醇水平更高。一些代表性物种的相对丰度表明，饮食变化引起的差异更为明显，而一些低丰度物种则因基因紊乱而发生变化。我们的结果部分证明肠道微生物群对饮食变化相对更敏感。然而，考虑到细菌在胆固醇代谢中的重要作用，“基因引起的胆固醇紊乱”对肠道菌群的影响不容忽视。对肠道微生物群的调控可能是预防胆固醇相关代谢紊乱的有效靶点。
