Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Nutritional Sciences Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PLoS One. 2018 Aug 14;13(8):e0202321. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202321. eCollection 2018.
Maximizing bone mineral accrual to attain an optimal peak bone mass (PBM), particularly during adolescence, appears to be an effective protective strategy in the prevention of osteoporosis. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of physical activity (PA), fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), body mass index (BMI), calcium, or combination of vitamin D supplement intake, smoking and alcohol drinking status on bone health assessed by calcaneus quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in a healthy adolescent population. The participants comprised of 920 male and female secondary school adolescents aged 15-17 years old. Quantitative ultrasound measurements of the left heel were performed using Lunar Achilles EX II, which included results of broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS), and a calculated stiffness index (SI). Multivariable linear regression analyses revealed that-PA was positively associated with all three QUS indices in both genders; BMI was positively associated with SI and SOS in females; LM was positively associated with BUA in both genders; and FM was negatively associated with SI in females. These variables accounted for 32.1%, 21.2% and 29.4% of females' SOS, BUA and SI variances (p<0.001), respectively and 23.6%, 15.4% and 17.2% of males' SOS, BUA and SI variances (p<0.001), respectively. Promoting health benefits from physical activity could influence bone status and consequently improve PBM, which is a potent protective determinant against osteoporosis in adulthood.
最大限度地增加骨矿物质积累，以达到最佳峰值骨量（PBM），特别是在青少年时期，似乎是预防骨质疏松症的一种有效保护策略。本研究旨在评估体育活动（PA）、脂肪量（FM）、瘦体量（LM）、体重指数（BMI）、钙或维生素 D 补充剂摄入的组合、吸烟和饮酒状况对通过跟骨定量超声（QUS）评估的骨健康的影响在健康的青少年人群中。参与者包括 920 名年龄在 15-17 岁的男女中学生。使用 Lunar Achilles EX II 对左足跟进行定量超声测量，包括宽带超声衰减（BUA）、声速（SOS）和计算出的刚度指数（SI）的结果。多变量线性回归分析显示，PA 与两性的所有三个 QUS 指数均呈正相关；BMI 与女性的 SI 和 SOS 呈正相关；LM 与两性的 BUA 呈正相关；FM 与女性的 SI 呈负相关。这些变量分别解释了女性 SOS、BUA 和 SI 变异的 32.1%、21.2%和 29.4%（p<0.001），以及男性 SOS、BUA 和 SI 变异的 23.6%、15.4%和 17.2%（p<0.001）。促进体育活动带来的健康益处可能会影响骨骼状况，从而提高 PBM，这是预防成年期骨质疏松症的一个有力保护决定因素。
